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Fant 10000 publikasjoner. Viser side 336 av 400:

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The micronucleus cytome assay – A fast tool for DNA damage screening in human conjunctival epithelial cells

Jirsova, Katerina; Vesela, Viera; Skalicka, Pavlina; Ruzickova, Eva; Glezgova, Johana; Zima, Tomas; Dusinska, Maria; Collins, Andrew Richard; Bednar, Jan

2021

Characterization of inhalation exposure to gaseous elemental mercury during artisanal gold mining and e-waste recycling through combined stationary and personal passive sampling

Snow, Melanie A.; Darko, Godfred; Gyamfi, Opoku; Ansah, Eugene; Breivik, Knut; Hoang, Christopher; Lei, Ying Duan; Wania, Frank

While occupational inhalation exposure to gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) has decreased in many workplaces as mercury is being removed from most products and processes, it continues to be a concern for those engaged in artisanal and small-scale gold mining or in recycling mercury-containing products. Recently, stationary and personal passive air samplers based on activated carbon sorbents and radial diffusive barriers have been shown to be suitable for measuring GEM concentrations across the range relevant for chronic health effects. Here, we used a combination of stationary and personal passive samplers to characterize the inhalation exposure to GEM of individuals living and working in two Ghanaian gold mining communities and working at a Norwegian e-waste recycling facility. Exposure concentrations ranging from <7 ng m−3 to >500 μg m−3 were observed, with the higher end of the range occurring in one gold mining community. Large differences in the GEM exposure averaged over the length of a workday between individuals can be rationalized by their activity and proximity to mercury sources. In each of the three settings, the measured exposure of the highest exposed individuals exceeded the highest concentration recorded with a stationary sampler, presumably because those individuals were engaged in an activity that generated or involved GEM vapors. High day-to-day variability in exposure for those who participated on more than one day, suggests the need for sampling over multiple days for reliable exposure characterization. Overall, a combination of personal and stationary passive sampling is a cost-effective approach that cannot only provide information on exposure levels relative to regulatory thresholds, but also can identify emission hotspots and therefore guide mitigation measures.

2021

Toxic effects of gunshot fumes from different ammunitions for small arms on lung cells exposed at the air liquid interface

Mariussen, Espen; Fjellbø, Lise Marie; Frømyr, Tomas Roll; Johnsen, Ida Vaa; Karsrud, Tove Engen; Voie, Øyvind Albert

Concerns have been raised as to whether gunshot fumes induce prolonged reduced lung capacity or even cancer due to inhalation. Gunshot fumes from three different types of ammunition calibre 5.56 mm × 45 NATO were investigated. SS109 has a soft lead (Pb) core, while NM255 and NM229 have a harder steel core. Emissions from ammunitions were characterized with respect to particle number- and mass-size, and mass distribution, heavy metal content, and different gases. Lung epithelial cells were exposed to the fumes at the air liquid interface to elucidate cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. Irrespectively of ammunition type, the largest mass fraction of generated particulate matter (PM) had a size between 1 and 3 μm. The highest number of particles generated was in the size range of 30 nm. Fumes from NM255 and NM229 induced cytotoxic effects of which the emission from NM229 induced the highest effect. Fumes from NM229 induced a dose-related increase in DNA-damage. Significant effects were only achieved at the highest exposure level, which led to approximately 40% reduced cell viability after 24 h. The effect probably relates to the mass of emitted particles where the size may be of importance, in addition to emission of Cu and Zn. A complex mixture of chemical substances and PM may increase the toxicity of the fumes and should encourage measures to reduce exposure.

2021

Magnitude and Uncertainty of Nitrous Oxide Emissions From North America Based on Bottom-Up and Top-Down Approaches: Informing Future Research and National Inventories

Xu, Rongting; Tian, Hanqin; Pan, N.; Thompson, Rona Louise; Canadell, Josep G.; Davidson, Eric A.; Nevison, Cynthia; Winiwarter, Wilfried; Shi, H.; Pan, Shufen; Chang, J.; Ciais, Philippe; Dangal, Shree R. S.; Ito, Akihiko; Jackson, Robert B.; Joos, Fortunat; Lauerwald, Ronny; Lienert, Sebastian; Maavara, Taylor; Millet, Dylan B.; Raymond, Peter A.; Regnier, P.; Tubiello, Francesco N; Vuichard, Nicolas; Wells, Kelley C.; Wilson, Chris; Yang, J.; Yao, Y; Zaehle, Sönke; Zhou, Feng

We synthesized N2O emissions over North America using 17 bottom-up (BU) estimates from 1980–2016 and five top-down (TD) estimates from 1998 to 2016. The BU-based total emission shows a slight increase owing to U.S. agriculture, while no consistent trend is shown in TD estimates. During 2007–2016, North American N2O emissions are estimated at 1.7 (1.0–3.0) Tg N yr−1 (BU) and 1.3 (0.9–1.5) Tg N yr−1 (TD). Anthropogenic emissions were twice as large as natural fluxes from soil and water. Direct agricultural and industrial activities accounted for 68% of total anthropogenic emissions, 71% of which was contributed by the U.S. Our estimates of U.S. agricultural emissions are comparable to the EPA greenhouse gas (GHG) inventory, which includes estimates from IPCC tier 1 (emission factor) and tier 3 (process-based modeling) approaches. Conversely, our estimated agricultural emissions for Canada and Mexico are twice as large as the respective national GHG inventories.

2021

Cloud microphysical processes during ISLAS 2020 campaign in Ny-Ålesund

Dekhtyareva, Alena; Maturilli, Marion; Ebell, Kerstin; Johannessen, Aina Marie; Seidl, Andrew Walter; Jonassen, Marius Opsanger; Hermansen, Ove; Welker, Jeffrey M.; Sodemann, Harald

2021

EBAS Data Licence

Tørseth, Kjetil; Fiebig, Markus; Myhre, Cathrine Lund

2021

Total Ozone Trends at Northern High Latitudes from Ground-based measurements

Bernet, Leonie; Dahlback, Arne; Goutail, Florence; Hansen, Georg Heinrich; Orsolini, Yvan J.; Pazminño, Andrea; Svendby, Tove Marit

2021

Black carbon in Siberian Arctic: gas flaring and wildfires impacts

Popovicheva, Olga; Kobelev, Vasily O.; Chichaeva, M. A.; Evangeliou, Nikolaos; Eleftheriadis, K.; Kasimov, Nikolai S.

2021

Aircraft-based Mass Balance Estimate of Methane Emissions from Offshore Gas Facilities in the Southern North Sea

Pühl, Magdalena; Roiger, Anke; Fiehn, Alina; Negron, Alan M. Gorchov; Kort, Eric A.; Schwietzke, Stefan; Pisso, Ignacio; Foulds, Amy; Lee, James D; France, James L.; Allen, Grant

2021

Identifying the relevance of existing adverse outcome pathways for nanomaterials

Murugadoss, Sivakumar; Vrček, Ivana Vinković; Cimpan, Mihaela-Roxana; Pem, Barbara; Martens, Marvin; Willihagen, Egon; Sosnowska, Anita; Puzyn, Tomasz; Dusinska, Maria; Fessard, Valérie; Hoet, Peter

2021

A chemical categorisation approach for LRTP assessment

Breivik, Knut; Eckhardt, Sabine; McLachlan, Michael S.; Wania, Frank

2021

Enhancing chemical schemes accounted in the FLEXPART v10.4 transport model using a kinetic preprocessor

Sousse, Ruben; Daskalakis, Nikos; Evangeliou, Nikolaos; Hilboll, Andreas; Vrekoussis, Mihalis

2021

Plastic ingestion by the northern fulmar Fulmarus glacialis from Kongsfjorden

Collard, France; Tulatz, Felix; Gabrielsen, Geir W.; Herzke, Dorte; Krapp, Rupert; Langset, Magdalene; Bourgeon, Sophie

2021

A Schematic Sampling Protocol for Contaminant Monitoring in Raptors

Espín, Silvia; Andevski, Jovan; Duke, Guy; Eulaers, Igor; Gomez-Ramirez, Pilar; Hallgrimsson, Gunnar Thor; Helander, Björn; Herzke, Dorte; Jaspers, Veerle; Krone, Oliver; Lourenco, Rui; Maria-Mojica, Pedro; Lopez, Emma Martinez; Mateo, Rafael; Movalli, Paola; Sanchez-Virosta, Pablo; Shore, Richard F.; Christian, Sonne; Brink, Nico W. van den; Hattum, Bert van; Vrezec, Al; Wernham, Chris; Garcia-Fernandez, Antonio

2021

EUROqCHARM -Assuring Reproducible, Harmonised and Quality-Controlled Assessments of Plastic Pollution

Bavel, Bert van; Lusher, Amy Lorraine; Aliani, Stefano; Boer, Jacob de; Galgani, François; Fabres, Joan; Farre, Marinella; Herzke, Dorte; Witte, Bavo P. De; Primpke, Sebastian; Strand, Jakob; Johansen, Jon Eigill; Kaegi, Ralf; Giorgetti, Alessandra; Cerro, Corrinne Del

2021

A novel bottom-up global ship emission inventory for conventional and alternative fuels in a well-to-wake approach

Kramel, Diogo; Muri, Helene; Strømman, Anders Hammer; Kim, YoungRong; Lonka, Radek; Nielsen, Jørgen Bremnes; Ringvold, Anna; Bouman, Evert Alwin; Steen, Sverre

2021

Luftforurensningen på Manglerud

Høiskar, Britt Ann Kåstad

2021

Innemiljø & miljøgifter

Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla

2021

Hormonforstyrrende aktivitet av semiflyktige organiske kjemikalier i inneluft

Halse, Anne Karine; Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla; Mariussen, Espen; Warner, Nicholas Alexander; Borgen, Anders

2021

Combining Sentinel-5P and Ground Measurements to estimate surface NO2 Concentrations over Europe Using Machine Learning Models

Shetty, Shobitha; Schneider, Philipp; Stebel, Kerstin; Kylling, Arve; Hamer, Paul David; Berntsen, Terje Koren

2021

Arctic methane

Platt, Stephen Matthew

2021

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