Fant 9831 publikasjoner. Viser side 336 av 394:
Monitoring of long-range transported air pollutants in Norway. Annual Report 2020.
Denne rapporten omhandler resultater fra overvåkningsprogrammet for langtransportert forurenset luft og nedbør og atmosfæriske tilførsler i 2020. Rapporten presenterer målinger av uorganiske hovedkomponentene i luft og nedbør, partikulært karbonholdig materiale, partikkelmasse og bakkenært ozon. Forurensningsnivået i 2020 var generelt lavt noe som delvis kan forklares med spesielle værforhold de første månedene med hovedsakelig ren, marin luft fra vest. De omfattende restriksjonene på menneskelig aktivitet i forbindelse med pandemien i Europa, har trolig også bidratt til lavere nivåer av luftforurensninger på de norske bakgrunnsstasjonene. I 2020 ble det observert en uvanlig omfattende episode med høye konsentrasjoner av luftforurensing på alle stasjoner.
NILU
2021
2021
Effects of rocket launches in Ny-Ålesund, 2018 - 2019. Observations of snow and air samples.
Rapporten oppsummerer resultatene fra ekstra analyser av snøprøver samt pågående overvåkingsaktiviteter i forbindelse med rakettoppskytingen i Ny-Ålesund 7. desember 2018, 26. november 2019 og 10. desember 2019 for å dokumentere mulige påvirkninger av rakettoppskyting på miljøet og overvåkingsaktivitetene i Ny-Ålesund. Det observeres en økt avsetning av Al og Fe i Ny-Ålesund-området som skyldes utslipp fra rakettoppskytingen.
NILU
2021
The NextGEOSS Cold Region pilot: Improved discoverability and access to polar data
GEO Cold Regions coordinates global efforts to provide Earth Observation (EO) products and services to science, decision- and policy-makers with a vested interest in the cryosphere (in particular) and the environment (in general) of polar regions and mountain areas around the world. The NextGEOSS Cold Regions Pilot focuses on three areas: (1) the Arctic/Svalbard region, (2) Antarctica, and (3) the Himalayan glaciers, linking together satellite and in situ data from the targeted regions, including the atmospheric, marine, and terrestrial domains, and making them available in the NextGEOSS Data Hub and the NextGEOSS Cold Regions Community Portal. The pilot liaise with ongoing initiatives such as SIOS, GEOCRI, WMO GCW, as well as national programs in Antarctica. The products resulting from the Cold Regions pilot can be used to develop Information Services for the Cold Regions Initiative, using the NextGEOSS system and making use of existing interoperability standards. This presentation will introduce the first version of the Cold Regions Community Portal, aiming to make polar data relevant for Cold Regions more easily discoverable and accessible for users.
2021
2021
2021
As the leading climate mode of wintertime climate variability over Europe, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has been extensively studied over the last decades. Recently, studies highlighted the state of the Eurasian cryosphere as a possible predictor for the wintertime NAO. However, missing correlation between snow cover and wintertime NAO in climate model experiments and strong non-stationarity of this link in reanalysis data are questioning the causality of this relationship.
Here we use the large ensemble of Atmospheric Seasonal Forecasts of the 20th Century (ASF-20C) with the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts model, focusing on the winter season. Besides the main 110-year ensemble of 51 members, we investigate a second, perturbed ensemble of 21 members where initial (November) land conditions over the Northern Hemisphere are swapped from neighboring years. The Eurasian snow–NAO linkage is examined in terms of a longitudinal snow depth dipole across Eurasia. Subsampling the perturbed forecast ensemble and contrasting members with high and low initial snow dipole conditions, we found that their composite difference indicates more negative NAO states in the following winter (DJF) after positive west-to-east snow depth gradients at the beginning of November. Surface and atmospheric forecast anomalies through the troposphere and stratosphere associated with the anomalous positive snow dipole consist of colder early winter surface temperatures over eastern Eurasia, an enhanced Ural ridge and increased vertical energy fluxes into the stratosphere, with a subsequent negative NAO-like signature in the troposphere. We thus confirm the existence of a causal connection between autumn snow patterns and subsequent winter circulation in the ASF-20C forecasting system.
2021
2021
Long-term trends of air pollutants at national level 2005-2019
Trend calculations of air pollutants for the periods 2005-2019 have been applied. Sulphur dioxide shows the largest decrease of all pollutants with a reduction of the order of 60-70 %. The agreement between reported emission data and measured concentrations are quite good. For NO2, a mismatch between the trend in air concentrations and NOx emissions is found. While the overall NOx emissions are reported to be reduced by 45 %, the measured NO2 data indicate a decline of the order of 30 % although marked differences between the countries are found. This mismatch could not be explained by changes in meteorology as this is accounted for. Possible reasons for the mismatch could be the NO2/NOx ratio of the emissions, changes in baseline hemispheric ozone concentration and natural emissions. For PM data (PM10 and PM2.5) we find an opposite mismatch, meaning that the PM concentrations show stronger downward trends than the reported emissions. This is likely an effect of the importance of secondary aerosols which are mitigated by other activities than the direct PM emissions. An overall reduction in PM10 of the order of 30-38 % is found during 2005-2019 while the direct emissions give a reduction that is 5-10 percentage units smaller. Similar results are found for PM2.5, but these findings are uncertain due to the less amount of long-term data. For O3, our findings are in line with earlier studies noting that the annual mean ozone concentration has increased while the high peaks have been reduced. But the reduction of the peaks is now within only a few percent and non-significant, while for the 2000-2017 period it was significant and about 10%.
ETC/ATNI
2021
Ren luft for alle. ExtraStiftelsen project 2019/HE1-263918.
In 2019, in the framework of Oslo being European Green Capital, NILU invited students from elementary schools to
measure air pollution in their neighbourhood, using simple and affordable measuring methods based on paper and
Vaseline. The students prepared the measuring devices and selected the places where they wanted to monitor. After one
week, they retrieved the devices and used a scale to compare the amount of dust fastened to the Vaseline. All of the data
gathered by the students was uploaded by the teachers to a website (https://luftaforalle.nilu.no/), where a map showed all the results from the participating schools. The school campaign has helped researchers to get data on particulate matter from many places where data was not available, and has increased awareness among the children about the sustainability challenges cities are facing.
NILU
2021
Quality assurance and quality control procedure for national and Union GHG projections 2021
The quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) procedure is an element of the QA/QC programme of the Union system for policies and measures and projections to be established in 2021 according to Article 39 of the Regulation on the Governance of the Energy Union and Climate Action (EU) 2018/1999. The European Environment Agency (EEA) is responsible for the annual implementation of the QA/QC procedures and is assisted by the European Topic Centre on Climate Change Mitigation and Energy (ETC/CME). The QA/QC procedure document describes QA/QC checks carried out at EU level on the national reported projections from Member States and on the compiled Union GHG projections. QA/QC procedures are performed at several different stages during the preparation of the national and Union GHG projections in order to aim to ensure the timeliness, transparency, accuracy, consistency, comparability and completeness of the reported information. The results of the 2021 QA/QC procedure are presented in the related paper ETC/CME Eionet Report 8/2021.
ETC/CME
2021
2021
DNA repair gene polymorphisms and chromosomal aberrations in healthy, nonsmoking population
Elsevier
2021
2021
2021
2021
Vurdering av utslipp til luft fra Wistingfeltet i Barentshavet. Underlag for konsekvensutredning.
NILU har vurdert miljøkonsekvensene av utslipp til luft fra fremtidig utbygging og drift av Wisting-feltet i Barentshavet. Utslipp av CO2, CH4, N2O og NMVOC er vurdert utfra bidrag til strålingspådriv/global oppvarming. Kraftforsyning fra land med sjøkabel vil sterkt redusere utslippene av CO2. Klimaeffekten av utslipp til luft fra produksjonen vil bli liten. Bidraget fra Wisting til eutrofiering og forsuring gjennom avsetning av NOx og SOx forventes å være lite og knapt målbart. Likeledes vil bidraget fra Wisting til ozonproduksjon være minimalt og knapt målbart. Klimaeffekten av BC-utslipp (Black Carbon) fra installasjonene på Wisting vil bli liten. Samtidig gir utslipp av BC i Arktis større effekt pr. utslippsenhet enn utslipp lenger sør. Det bør derfor være et mål å optimalisere faklingen fra Wisting slik at utslipp av BC blir redusert til et absolutt minimum.
NILU
2021
Transboundary particulate matter, photo-oxidants, acidifying and eutrophying components
Norwegian Meteorological Institute
2021