Fant 9747 publikasjoner. Viser side 46 av 390:
Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals in Norway. National moss survey 2015. NILU report
På oppdrag fra Miljødirektoratet har NILU-Norsk institutt for luftforskning i samarbeid med Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet (NTNU), samlet inn mose fra 230 lokaliteter og bestemt innholdet av 53 metaller i disse. Hensikten med undersøkelsen er å kartlegge atmosfærisk nedfall av tungmetaller i Norge. Sammenliknet med data fra 2005, observeres det en nedgang i deposisjon av vanadium og bly. For krom, nikkel, kobber, sink, arsen, kadmium og antimon, er det ikke observert nevneverdig endring i deposisjon fra 2005 til 2015.
2016
Atmospheric deposition of organic contaminants in Norway: National moss survey 2015. NILU report
Til den andre norske moseundersøkelsen med tanke på organiske miljøgifter, ble det samlet inn 20 prøver på det norske fastlandet, fortrinnsvis i området som er lite påvirket av lokale kilder til forurensning. PeCB, HCB, PCB, HCH, DDT, PBDE, DBDPE, HBCD, PFAS og PAH er bestemt. Den generelle trenden viser en nedgang i kontamineringen fra 2010 til 2015 for de POPene som er inkludert i undersøkelsen. En trend som viser minkende forurensning ved stigende lengdegrad vist i 2010 mosedata, blir bekreftet i 2015-resultatene. PCB resultatene indikerer utslipp fra en lokal kilde i Oslo-området.
2016
2013
Atmospheric DMS in the Arctic Ocean and Its Relation to Phytoplankton Biomass
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
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Based on observations of the chlorofluorocarbons CFC-13 (chlorotrifluoromethane), ΣCFC-114 (combined measurement of both isomers of dichlorotetrafluoroethane), and CFC-115 (chloropentafluoroethane) in atmospheric and firn samples, we reconstruct records of their tropospheric histories spanning nearly 8 decades. These compounds were measured in polar firn air samples, in ambient air archived in canisters, and in situ at the AGAGE (Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment) network and affiliated sites. Global emissions to the atmosphere are derived from these observations using an inversion based on a 12-box atmospheric transport model. For CFC-13, we provide the first comprehensive global analysis. This compound increased monotonically from its first appearance in the atmosphere in the late 1950s to a mean global abundance of 3.18 ppt (dry-air mole fraction in parts per trillion, pmol mol−1) in 2016. Its growth rate has decreased since the mid-1980s but has remained at a surprisingly high mean level of 0.02 ppt yr−1 since 2000, resulting in a continuing growth of CFC-13 in the atmosphere. ΣCFC-114 increased from its appearance in the 1950s to a maximum of 16.6 ppt in the early 2000s and has since slightly declined to 16.3 ppt in 2016. CFC-115 increased monotonically from its first appearance in the 1960s and reached a global mean mole fraction of 8.49 ppt in 2016. Growth rates of all three compounds over the past years are significantly larger than would be expected from zero emissions. Under the assumption of unchanging lifetimes and atmospheric transport patterns, we derive global emissions from our measurements, which have remained unexpectedly high in recent years: mean yearly emissions for the last decade (2007–2016) of CFC-13 are at 0.48 ± 0.15 kt yr−1 (> 15 % of past peak emissions), of ΣCFC-114 at 1.90 ± 0.84 kt yr−1 (∼ 10 % of peak emissions), and of CFC-115 at 0.80 ± 0.50 kt yr−1 (> 5 % of peak emissions). Mean yearly emissions of CFC-115 for 2015–2016 are 1.14 ± 0.50 kt yr−1 and have doubled compared to the 2007–2010 minimum. We find CFC-13 emissions from aluminum smelters but if extrapolated to global emissions, they cannot account for the lingering global emissions determined from the atmospheric observations. We find impurities of CFC-115 in the refrigerant HFC-125 (CHF2CF3) but if extrapolated to global emissions, they can neither account for the lingering global CFC-115 emissions determined from the atmospheric observations nor for their recent increases. We also conduct regional inversions for the years 2012–2016 for the northeastern Asian area using observations from the Korean AGAGE site at Gosan and find significant emissions for ΣCFC-114 and CFC-115, suggesting that a large fraction of their global emissions currently occur in northeastern Asia and more specifically on the Chinese mainland.
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