Publikasjoner

Review of report on PM equivalence testing in Poland. NILU OR

Marsteen, L.; Guerreiro, C.

Review of Observation Capacities and Data Availability for Black Carbon in the Arctic Region: EU Action on Black Carbon in the Arctic – Technical Report 1

Tørseth, Kjetil; Andrews, Elisabeth; Asmi, Eija; Eleftheriadis, Kostas; Fiebig, Markus; Herber, Andreas; Huang, Lin; Kylling, Arve; Lupi, Angelo; Massling, Andreas; Mazzola, Mauro; Nøjgaard, Jacob Klenø; Popovicheva, Olga; Schichtel, Bret; Schmale, Julia; Sharma, Sangeeta; Skov, Henrik; Stebel, Kerstin; Vasel, Brian; Vitale, Vito; Whaley, Cynthia; Yttri, Karl Espen; Zanatta, Marco

This report presents the results of the European Union Action
on Black Carbon in the Arctic (EUA-BCA) initiative’s review of
observation capacities and data availability for black carbon in the Arctic region.

EUA-BCA/AMAP

Review of methods that can be used in the assessment of atmospheric deposition

Aas, Wenche; Soares, Joana; Hamer, Paul David; Schneider, Philipp; Svendby, Tove Marit; Guerreiro, Cristina

There are three main approaches for estimating the atmospheric deposition: 1) From measurements of air and precipitation chemistry combined with statistical interpolation, 2) Chemical transport models, 3) Combined observations and atmospheric model calculations. This report reviews these different approaches and come with some general recommendations on the different strategies and the way forward for Poland.

The report was made for the project "Strengthening of atmospheric deposition assessment in Poland based on Norwegian experience" under the program "Environment, Energy and Climate Change", financed by the European Economic Area Financial Mechanism 2014-2021".

NILU

Review of assessment of existing CAS/DAS, review of technical specification for CAS/DAS. NILU OR

Marsteen, L.; Ødegård, R.; Bøhler, T.

NILU og GIOS utfører prosjektet "Strengthening the air quality assessment system in Poland, based on Norwegian experience". Denne rapporten beskriver NILUs evaluering av dagens datainnsamlingssystemer og GIOS' spesifikasjon av den nye løsningen.

Reviderte spredningsberegninger. Utslipp fra raffineringsprosess for ferromangan i Sauda. NILU OR

Haugsbakk, I.; Tønnesen, D.

Reviderte spredningsberegninger for utslipp til luft fra et fjernvarmeanlegg i Skedsmo kommune. NILU OR

Haugsbakk, I.

Reviderte spredningsberegninger for utslipp til luft fra energisentral i Nydalen, Oslo. NILU OR

Haugsbakk, I.; Tønnesen, D.

Det er utført sprednings- og skorsteinshøydeberegninger for utslipp fra planlagt energisentral i Nydalen, Oslo. Maksimale bakkekonsentrasjoner vil ligge under anbefalt retningslinje ved oppgitte anleggsdata og anbefalt pipehøyde.

Reviderte spredningsberegninger for utslipp til luft fra Eidsiva Bioenergi AS Kallerud, Gjøvik NILU OR

Haugsbakk, I.; Tønnesen, D.

Reviderte spredningsberegninger - SEV Sundsværket. NILU OR

Knudsen, S.; Haugsbakk, I.

Revidert tiltaksutredning for luftkvalitet i Oslo og Bærum.

Sundvor, I.

Revidert tiltaksutredning for lokal luftkvalitet i Stavanger

Weydahl, Torleif; Høiskar, Britt Ann Kåstad; Johnsrud, Mona; Ranheim, Patrick

The air quality assessment for Stavanger covers mapping of the air quality in Stavanger through traffic, emission and dispersion calculations of PM10, PM2,5 and NO2 for the present situation (2018) and future scenarios (2024) with and without measures. Based on the calculations and in coordination with Stavanger municipality, a plan for improved local air quality and a management plan for periods with high concentration levels is proposed for political processing.

NILU

Revidert tiltaksutredning for lokal luftkvalitet i Drammen

Weydahl, Torleif; Markelj, Miha; Høyem, Harald

NILU – Norsk institutt for luftforskning har, i samarbeid med Asplan Viak AS, utarbeidet en tiltaksutredning for lokal luftkvalitet i Drammen kommune. Tiltaksutredningen omfatter en kartlegging av luftkvaliteten i Drammen ved trafikkberegninger og utslipps- og spredningsberegninger for svevestøv (PM10 og PM2,5) for Dagens situasjon 2021 og Referansesituasjonen 2030 og for 2030 med tiltak rettet mot svevestøv. Basert på resultatene fra beregningene og i samarbeid med oppdragsgiver, styringsgruppe og referansegruppe, er det foreslått en revidert handlingsplan som skal behandles politisk.

NILU

Revealing the significant acceleration of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions in eastern Asia through long-term atmospheric observations

Choi, Haklim; Redington, Alison L.; Park, Hyeri; Kim, Jooil; Thompson, Rona Louise; Mühle, Jens; Salameh, Peter K.; Harth, Christina M.; Weiss, Ray F.; Manning, Alistair J.; Park, Sunyoung

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are powerful anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) with high global-warming potentials (GWPs). They have been widely used as refrigerants, insulation foam-blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression agents. Since the mid-1990s, emissions of HFCs have been increasing rapidly as they are used in many applications to replace ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) whose consumption and production have been phased out under the Montreal Protocol (MP). Due to the high GWP of HFCs, the Kigali Amendment to the MP requires the phasedown of production and consumption of HFCs to gradually achieve an 80 %–85 % reduction by 2047, starting in 2019 for non-Article 5 (developed) countries with a 10 % reduction against each defined baseline and later schedules for Article 5 (developing) countries. In this study, we have examined long-term high-precision measurements of atmospheric abundances of five major HFCs (HFC-134a, HFC-143a, HFC-32, HFC-125, and HFC-152a) at Gosan station, Jeju Island, South Korea, from 2008 to 2020. Background abundances of HFCs gradually increased, and the inflow of polluted air masses with elevated abundances from surrounding source regions were detected over the entire period. From these pollution events, we inferred regional and country-specific HFC emission estimates using two independent Lagrangian particle dispersion models and Bayesian inversion frameworks (FLEXPART-FLEXINVERT+ and NAME-InTEM). The spatial distribution of the derived “top-down” (measurement based) emissions for all HFCs shows large fluxes from megacities and industrial areas in the region. Our most important finding is that HFC emissions in eastern China and Japan have sharply increased from 2016 to 2018. The contribution of East Asian HFC emissions to the global total increased from 9 % (2008–2014) to 13 % (2016–2020). In particular, HFC emissions in Japan (Annex I country) rose rapidly from 2016 onward, with accumulated total inferred HFC emissions being ∼ 114 Gg yr−1, which is ∼ 76 Gg yr−1 higher for 2016–2020 than the “bottom-up” (i.e., based on activity data and emission factors) emissions of ∼ 38 Gg yr−1 reported to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This is likely related to the increase in domestic demand in Japan for refrigerants and air-conditioning-system-related products and incomplete accounting. A downward trend of HFC emissions that started in 2019 reflects the effectiveness of the F-gas policy in Japan. Eastern China and South Korea, though not obligated to report to the UNFCCC, voluntarily reported emissions, which also show differences between top-down and bottom-up emission estimates, demonstrating the need for atmospheric measurements, comprehensive data analysis, and accurate reporting for precise emission management. Further, the proportional contribution of each country's CO2-equivalent HFC emissions has changed over time, with HFC-134a decreasing and HFC-125 increasing. This demonstrates the transition in the predominant HFC substances contributing to global warming in each country.