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Air Quality Plans and Measures. Analysis of data submitted from 2014 to 2020.
The submitted data were analysed with the aim to provide information to the EEA Member countries that can be used to improve their air quality management practices, and to give feedback on data quality and possible use. Previous studies in the framework of the Air Implementation Pilot (published in 2012 and 2013) made assessments of the measures and management practices but were not successful in defining the measures’ effectiveness, so the present report also looks into what kind of information can be obtained from the data.
In the period 2014 – 2020, 23 EEA member countries submitted at least one air quality plan. Most countries focus their plans on pollutants related to traffic: NO2 and/or PM10. Most measures target exceedances of NO2 (62 %), PM10 (26 %) and PM2.5 (10 %), and measures are reported that target exceedances of standards of benzo(a)pyrene, nickel and lead (all in PM10) as well as SO2. In one case, the measure is related to benzene.
« Traffic » is the main sector leading to exceedances, with 64 % of records, followed by « domestic heating » (14 %), « local industry » (10 %) and “Other” (8 %). The « Other » category when given further information could comprise a variety of sources including meteorology, agricultural residue burning, harbour activity or shipping.
The majority of the exceedances occurred in urban areas (65 %) followed by suburban areas (21 %), while 14 % of the exceedances addressed in the plans occurred in rural areas.
The available data consist of a large number of individual records (ranging from several hundreds to over 20 thousand depending on the reporting element) that in theory can be linked using unique identifiers. However, not all the records can be linked. While the basis for analysis can vary depending on which reporting segments are used, the overall results are consistent across the segments, and provide a very good overview of which air pollution abatement measures are taken by national and local authorities.
ETC/ATNI
2021
PM10/PM2.5 comparison exercise in Oslo, Norway. Study in 2015-2016 and 2018.
The purpose of the comparison was to test for equivalence and establish calibration functions for automatic PM-analysers commonly used in Norway. The reference laboratory performed a field test at three different locations in Oslo during summer and winter conditions in the periods September 2015 to July 2016 and February to March 2018. Participating analysers were Palas Fidas 200, Grimm EDM 180, TEI TEOM 1405 DF, TEI FH 62 I-R, and R&P TEOM 1400AB.
The report proposes a system to carry out ongoing verification of equivalence in the Norwegian monitoring network and how to calibrate analyser data.
NILU
2021
An update on low-cost sensors for the measurement of atmospheric composition
The report reflects on the state of the art in terms of accuracy, reliability and reproducibility of different sensors used for the measurements of reactive and greenhouse gases, and aerosols, along with the key analytical principles and what has been learned so far about low-cost sensors from both laboratory studies and real-world tests (up to August 2020). In some cases, scientific literature that had been accepted, but not yet published in a final form, was included in this review. Some national and international government documents were also included in this synthesis. The report includes eight distinct sections, including an Introduction to the Report, Main Principles and Components, Evaluation Activities, Sensor Performance, Communicating LCS to Society, and Expert Consensus and Advice. Communicating LCS to Society is a new section to the original 2018 report and includes a consensus viewpoint on strategies for communicating LCS data and technologies more broadly to the lay public. This report also includes a set of specific expert consensus recommendations for LCS users across different user groups.
WMO
2021
Public awareness and efforts to improve air quality in Europe
Air pollution is the single largest environmental risk to the health of the Europeans and is receiving significant attention in the public space. It is comprehensively regulated in the EU, addressing air pollutants concentrations, as well as emissions from numerous sources. The legislation requires also for the authorities to inform the public.
In some cases, the authorities are struggling to implement measures to improve air quality and are met with barriers in the form of public opinion, for example, in cities. In other cases, citizens are taking action with the aim of pushing the authorities to improve air quality.
This report aims to reflect on what air quality information authorities provide and how the public perceives air quality and the information provided. It also looks on actions civil society takes towards improvements of air quality and the role of public awareness and understanding.
ETC/ATNI
2021
Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service
2021
- Aukra, Harøya, Fræna, Møre & Romsdal fylke, Ormen Lange
- Oljeindustri, prosessanlegg, miljøovervåking
- Luftforurensing, nitrogengjødsling, eutrofiering, forsuring
- Vegetasjon, artssammensetning, nedbørsmyr, kystlynghei
- Plantekjemi, jordanalyser, jordvannanalyser, tungmetaller, gjenanalyserAukra, Harøya, Fræna, Møre & Romsdal county, Ormen Lange
- Oil industry, process plant, environmental monitoring
- Air pollution, nitrogen fertilization, eutrophication, acidification
- Vegetation, species composition, bogs, heathland
- Plant chemistry, soil analyses, ground water analyses, heavy
metals, re-analyses
Norsk institutt for naturforskning (NINA)
2021