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ACCENT workshop on network harmonization and data intercomparability 28 - 30 January 2008, Las Vegas, USA. ACCENT Report, 2.08
2008
2019
2015
Abu Dhabi traffic emissions inventory 2009. NILU OR
This report is part of a larger emissions inventory for the emirate of Abu Dhabi, which consists of industrial and traffic sources. Traffic emissions in Abu Dhabi are a major contributor to air emissions due to the large and inefficient cars used by most of the population, coupled with the high mileages drive annually. The report presents the results of the necessary data collected pertaining to traffic within the emirate.
A bottom-up approach was used for accumulating the total emissions attributed to transport, whereby the mileages, travel conditions, and age of the vehicles were taken into account and modelled. A gap analysis is presented in order to clarify the assumptions made during the modelling, and where the future updates to the emission inventory would benefit the most in terms of data collection.
2011
Abu Dhabi Ports Company has procured two fixed Air Quality Monitoring Stations, one situated in Area A of KIZAD outside of the ADPC Site HQ building (ADPC Site Office station) with the other in Khalifa Port (ADPC Port station) adjacent to the EMAL conveyer. NILU UAE commissioned these two sites in December 2012 and has been operating them since then. The results presented in this report have been based upon air quality and meteorological data collected from these two fixed Air Quality Monitoring stations during the reported month.
2013
Abu Dhabi Ports Company has procured two fixed Air Quality Monitoring Stations, one situated in Area A of KIZAD outside of the ADPC Site HQ building (ADPC Site Office station) with the other in Khalifa Port (ADPC Port station) adjacent to the EMAL conveyer. NILU UAE commissioned these two sites in December 2012 and has been operating them since then. The results presented in this report have been based upon air quality and meteorological data collected from these two fixed Air Quality Monitoring stations during the reported month.
2013
Abu Dhabi Ports Company has procured two fixed Air Quality Monitoring Stations, one situated in Area A of KIZAD outside of the ADPC Site HQ building (ADPC Site Office station) with the other in Khalifa Port (ADPC Port station) adjacent to the EMAL conveyer. NILU UAE commissioned these two sites in December 2012 and has been operating them since then. The results presented in this report have been based upon air quality and meteorological data collected from these two fixed Air Quality Monitoring stations during the reported month.
2013
2006
Absolute deposition maps of heavy metals for the Nordic countries based on moss surveys. TemaNord, 2003:505
2003
2009
2006
2022
Based on the hourly output from the 2000–2014 simulations of the National Center for Atmospheric Research's vertically extended version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model in specified dynamics configuration, we examine the roles of planetary waves (PWs), gravity waves, and atmospheric tides in driving the mean meridional circulation (MMC) in the lower thermosphere (LT) and its response to the sudden stratospheric warming phenomenon with an elevated stratopause in the northern hemisphere. Sandwiched between the two summer-to-winter overturning circulations in the mesosphere and the upper thermosphere, the climatological LT MMC is a narrow gyre that is characterized by upwelling in the middle winter latitudes, equatorward flow near 120 km, and downwelling in the middle and high summer latitudes. Following the onset of the sudden stratospheric warmings, this gyre reverses its climatological direction, resulting in a “chimney-like” feature of un-interrupted polar descent from the altitude of 150 km down to the upper mesosphere. This reversal is driven by the westward-propagating PWs, which exert a brief but significant westward forcing between 70 and 125 km, exceeding gravity wave and tidal forcings in that altitude range. The attendant polar descent potentially leads to a short-lived enhanced transport of nitric oxide into the mesosphere (with excess in the order of 1 parts per million), while carbon dioxide is decreased.
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
2022
2022
2023
2023
2023
Abating N in Nordic agriculture - Policy, measures and way forward
During the past twenty years, the Nordic countries (Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Norway) have introduced a range of measures to reduce losses of nitrogen (N) to air and to aquatic environment by leaching and runoff. However, the agricultural sector is still an important N source to the environment, and projections indicate relatively small emission reductions in the coming years.
The four Nordic countries have different priorities and strategies regarding agricultural N flows and mitigation measures, and therefore they are facing different challenges and barriers. In Norway farm subsidies are used to encourage measures, but these are mainly focused on phosphorus (P). In contrast, Denmark targets N and uses control regulations to reduce losses. In Sweden and Finland, both voluntary actions combined with subsidies help to mitigate both N and P.
The aim of this study was to compare the present situation pertaining to agricultural N in the Nordic countries as well as to provide recommendations for policy instruments to achieve cost effective abatement of reactive N from agriculture in the Nordic countries, and to provide guidance to other countries.
To further reduce N losses from agriculture, the four countries will have to continue to take different routes. In particular, some countries will need new actions if 2020 and 2030 National Emissions Ceilings Directive (NECD) targets are to be met. Many options are possible, including voluntary action, regulation, taxation and subsidies, but the difficulty is finding the right balance between these policy options for each country.
The governments in the Nordic countries should put more attention to the NECD and consult with relevant stakeholders, researchers and farmer's associations on which measures to prioritize to achieve these goals on time. It is important to pick remaining low hanging fruits through use of the most cost effective mitigation measures. We suggest that N application rate and its timing should be in accordance with the crop need and carrying capacity of environmental recipients. Also, the choice of application technology can further reduce the risk of N losses into air and waters. This may require more region-specific solutions and knowledge-based support with tailored information in combination with further targeted subsidies or regulations.
Elsevier
2019