Publikasjoner

Physical, chemical and biological changes in the Gulf of Gdansk ecosystem (Southern Baltic Sea).

Kot-Wasik, A.; Zukowska, B.; Dabrowska, D.; Debska, J.; Pacyna, J.; Namiesnik, J.

Physical controls of dynamics of methane venting from a shallow seep area west of Svalbard

Silyakova, Anna; Jansson, Pär; Serov, Pavel; Ferré, Benedicte; Pavlov, A.K; Hattermann, Tore; Graves, C.A; Platt, Stephen Matthew; Myhre, Cathrine Lund; Gründger, Friederike; Niemann, Helge

We investigate methane seepage on the shallow shelf west of Svalbard during three consecutive years, using discrete sampling of the water column, echosounder-based gas flux estimates, water mass properties, and numerical dispersion modelling. The results reveal three distinct hydrographic conditions in spring and summer, showing that the methane content in the water column is controlled by a combination of free gas seepage intensity and lateral water mass movements, which disperse and displace dissolved methane horizontally away from the seeps. Horizontal dispersion and displacement of dissolved methane are promoted by eddies originating from the West Spitsbergen Current and passing over the shallow shelf, a process that is more intense in winter and spring than in the summer season. Most of the methane injected from seafloor seeps resides in the bottom layer even when the water column is well mixed, implying that the controlling effect of water column stratification on vertical methane transport is small. Only small concentrations of methane are found in surface waters, and thus the escape of methane into the atmosphere above the site of seepage is also small. The magnitude of the sea to air methane flux is controlled by wind speed, rather than by the concentration of dissolved methane in the surface ocean.

Pergamon Press

Physical and chemical properties of pollution aerosol particles transported from North America to Greenland as measured during the POLARCAT summer campaign.

Quennehen, B.; Schwarzenboeck, A.; Schmale, J.; Schneider, J.; Sodemann, H.; Stohl, A.; Ancellet, G.; Crumeyrolle, S.; Law, K. S.

Physical and chemical characterization of the particulate matter suspended in aerosols from the urban area of Belgrade.

Joksic, J.D.; Jovasevic-Stojanovic, M.; Bartonova, A.; Radekovic, M.B.; Yttri, K.E.; Matic-Besarabic, S.; Ignjatovic, L.

Phthalate contamination in marine mammals off the Norwegian coast

Andvik, Clare; Bories, Pierre; Harju, Mikael; Borgå, Katrine; Jourdain, Eve; Karoliussen, Richard; Rikardsen, Audun; Routti, Heli; Blévin, Pierre

Phthalates are used in plastics, found throughout the marine environment and have the potential to cause adverse health effects. In the present study, we quantified blubber concentrations of 11 phthalates in 16 samples from stranded and/or free-living marine mammals from the Norwegian coast: the killer whale (Orcinus orca), sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus), long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas), white-beaked dolphin (Lagenorhynchus albirostris), harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), and harbour seal (Phoca vitulina). Five compounds were detected across all samples: benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP; in 50 % of samples), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP; 33 %), diisononyl phthalate (DiNP; 33 %), diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP; 19 %), and dioctyl phthalate (DOP; 13 %). Overall, the most contaminated individual was the white-beaked dolphin, whilst the lowest concentrations were measured in the killer whale, sperm whale and long-finned pilot whale. We found no phthalates in the neonate killer whale. The present study is important for future monitoring and management of these toxic compounds.

Elsevier

Photolysis frequency of NO2: Measurement and modeling during the International Photolysis Frequency Measurement and Modeling Intercomparison (IPMMI).

Shetter, R.E.; Junkermann, W.; Swartz, W.H.; Frost, G.J.; Crawford, J. H.; Lefer, B.L.; Barrick, J.D.; Hall, S.R.; Hofzumahaus, A.; Bais, A., Calvert, J.G.; Cantrell, C.A.; Madronich, S.; Müller, M.; Kraus, A., Monks, P.S.; Edwards, G.D.; McKenzie, R.; Johnston, P.; Schmitt, R., Griffioen, E.; Krol, M.; Kylling, A.; Dickerson, R.R.; Lloyd, S.A., Martin, T.; Gardiner, B.; Mayer, B.; Pfister, G.; Röth, E.P.; Koepke, P., Ruggaber, A.; Schwander, H.,, van Weele, M.

Photochemical modelling in the Po basin with focus on formaldehyde and ozone.

Liu, L.; Flatøy, F.; Ordóñez, C.; Braathen, G.O.; Hak, C.; Junkermann, W.; Andreani-Aksoyoglu, S.; Mellqvist, J.; Galle, B.; Prévôt, A.S.H.; Isaksen, I.S.A.

Photochemical air quality model setup for the Khalifa Port & Industrial Zone. Deliverable report 2.1. NILU OR

Slørdal, L.H.; Liu, L.

Pharmacokinetics of PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles: In Vitro—In Vivo Correlation

Dubaj, Tibor; Kozics, Katarina; Srámková, Monika; Manova, Alena; Bastus, Neus G.; Moriones, Oscar H.; Kohl, Yvonne; Dusinska, Maria; Rundén-Pran, Elise; Puntes, Victor; Nelson, Andrew; Gábelová, Alena; Simon, Peter

Data suitable for assembling a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for nanoparticles (NPs) remain relatively scarce. Therefore, there is a trend in extrapolating the results of in vitro and in silico studies to in vivo nanoparticle hazard and risk assessment. To evaluate the reliability of such approach, a pharmacokinetic study was performed using the same polyethylene glycol-coated gold nanoparticles (PEG-AuNPs) in vitro and in vivo. As in vitro models, human cell lines TH1, A549, Hep G2, and 16HBE were employed. The in vivo PEG-AuNP biodistribution was assessed in rats. The internalization and exclusion of PEG-AuNPs in vitro were modeled as first-order rate processes with the partition coefficient describing the equilibrium distribution. The pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by fitting the model to the in vitro data and subsequently used for PBPK simulation in vivo. Notable differences were observed in the internalized amount of Au in individual cell lines compared to the corresponding tissues in vivo, with the highest found for renal TH1 cells and kidneys. The main reason for these discrepancies is the absence of natural barriers in the in vitro conditions. Therefore, caution should be exercised when extrapolating in vitro data to predict the in vivo NP burden and response to exposure.

MDPI

Pharmaceuticals and additives in personal care products as environmental pollutants - Faroe Island, Iceland and Greenland. TemaNord, 2013:541

Huber, S.; Remberger, M.; Goetsch, A.; Davanger, K.; Kaj, L.; Herzke, D.; Schlabach, M.; Jörundsdottir, H.Ó.; Vester, J.; Arnórsson, M.; Mortensen, I.; Schwartson, R.; Dam, M.

Pharmaceutical residues in Northern European environment: consequences and perspectives.

Kallenborn, R.; Fick, J.; Lindberg, R.; Moe, M.; Nielsen, K.M.; Tysklind, M.; Vasskog, T.

PFOA in Norway. Survey of national sources, 2007. TA-2354/2007

Posner, S.; Herzke, D.; Poulsen, P.B.; Jensen, A.A.