Publikasjoner

Empowering citizens to improve quality of life in urban environments; the CITI-SENSE Barcelona case study. NILU F

Cole-Hunter, T.; Nieuwenhuijsen, M.J.; Turco, E.; Fernandez, A.; Williams, M.; Bartonova, A.

Emissions. Air pollution studies, 18

Cinnirella, S.; Feng, X.; Friedli, H.; Levin, L.; Pacyna, J.; Pacyna, E.G.; Streets, D.; Sundseth, K.

Emissions outsourcing in the EU. A review of potential effects on industrial pollution.

Abbasi, Golnoush; Bouman, Evert

This study reviews potential evidence for emissions outsourcing in the European Union as the reduction in industrial emissions in Europe may be linked to the relocation of industry abroad (i.e. away from Europe). Emission trends of selected industrial pollutants to air (PAH, SOx, B(a)P, PCB, Pb, Zn and Ni) were established for both domestic emissions and embodied emissions in imports using available data in the EXIOBASE environmentally extended multiregional input-output system. Despite the overall decreasing trends of domestic emissions in Europe, a great variation was observed in the decrease rate of direct emissions and the increase rates in embodied emissions, due to increasing import of associated products. In addition to the analysis of data in EXIOBASE, a review of literature shows that industries’ responses to environmental regulations differ greatly based on the nature of industrial activities. Despite imposing higher costs to industries, no evidence was found in the reviewed literature that European environmental regulations caused industries to relocate. However, once industries aim to relocate outside of Europe to benefit from economic factors, such as lowering their production cost, the degree by which environmental regulations are enforced in the country of relocation can play a significant role in selecting their new location.

ETC/ATNI

Emissions of tetrafluoromethane and hexafluoroethane: Balancing anthropogenic budgets from atmospheric measurements.

Kim, J.; Fraser, P.; Muhle, J.; Li, S.; Manning, A.; Trebler, A.; Stohl, A.; Ganesan, A.; Krummel, P.; Steele, P.; Saito, T.; Park, S.; Kim, S.; Park, M.; Arnold, T.; Harth, C.; Salameh, P.; Yokouchi, Y.; Weiss, R.; Prinn, R.; Kim, K.

Emissions of Tetrafluoromethane (CF4) and Hexafluoroethane (C2F6) From East Asia: 2008 to 2019

Kim, Jooil; Thompson, Rona Louise; Park, Hyeri; Bogle, Stephanie; Mühle, Jens; Park, Mi-Kyung; Kim, Yeaseul; Harth, Christina M.; Salameh, Peter K.; Schmidt, Roland; Ottinger, Deborah; Park, Sunyoung; Weiss, Ray F.

The perfluorocarbons (PFCs), tetrafluoromethane (CF4) and hexafluoroethane (C2F6), are potent greenhouse gases with very long atmospheric lifetimes. They are emitted almost entirely from industrial sources, including the aluminum and rare earth metal smelting industries that emit them as by-products, and the semiconductor and flat panel display manufacturing industries that use them and vent unutilized amounts to the atmosphere. Despite extensive industrial efforts to quantify and curb these emissions, “top-down” PFC emission estimates derived from atmospheric measurements continue to rise and are significantly greater than reported process- and inventory-based “bottom-up” emissions. In this study, we estimate emissions of CF4 and C2F6 from East Asia, where PFC emitting industries are heavily concentrated, using a top-down approach (a Bayesian inversion) with high-frequency atmospheric measurements at Gosan (Jeju Island, South Korea) for 2008–2019. We also compile and analyze the available bottom-up CF4 and C2F6 emissions in East Asia from industrial and government reports. Our results suggest that the observed increases in global PFC emissions since 2015 are driven primarily by China's aluminum industry, with significant contributions from Japan's and Korea's semiconductor industry. Our analysis suggests that Chinese emissions occur predominantly from the aluminum industry, although their emissions per production ratio may be improving. Our results for Japan and Korea find significant discrepancies between top-down and bottom-up emissions estimates, suggesting that the effectiveness of emission reduction systems (abatement) used in their semiconductor industries may be overestimated. Overall, our top-down results for East Asia contribute significantly to reducing the gap in the global PFC emission budgets.

American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Emissions of persistent organic pollutants. Background document. TemaNord, 2000:514

Breivik, K.; Pacyna, J.

Emissions of halogenated compounds in East Asia determined from measurements at Jeju Island, Korea.

Li, S.; Kim, J.; Kim, K.R.; Mühle, J.; Kim, S.K.; Park, M.K.; Stohl, A.; Kang, D.J.; Arnold, T.; Harth, C.M.; Salameh, P.K.; Weiss, R.F.

Emissions of air pollutants from a carbon capture facility. Measurement results from Aker Clean Carbon - mobile test unit in Risavika March 2009. NILU OR

Dye, C.; Bjerke, A.; Schmidbauer, N.; Kalvenes, Ø.; Schlabach, M.

Emissions inventorying as an integrated part of the state of the art air quality management system, AirQUIS.

Guerreiro, C.; Laupsa, H.; Ødegård, R.; Gjerstad, K.I.

Emissions from incineration of fluoropolymer materials. A literature survey. NILU OR

Huber, S.; Moe, M.K.; Schmidbauer, N.; Hansen, G.H.; Herzke, D.

The Norwegian Pollution Control Authority (SFT) commissioned a literature survey on incineration of
fluoropolymer materials, overviewing the available literature on formation of greenhouse gases until August 2008. The survey provides the foundation on which decisions for the future needs for further investigations will be made. Suggestions for sampling were also part of the study.

Emissions and dispersion from Nikel smelter, a WRF-Chem study. NILU PP

Berglen, T.F.; Engdahl, B.J.; Hodnebrog, Ø.; Stordal, F.; Velken, A.v.S.

Emission needs at local scale for air quality modelling.

Borge, R.; Lumbreras, J.; Tarrasón, L.; Rodrigues, E.

Emission model for roadside emissions of PM10.

Tønnesen, D.