Publikasjoner

EIF-Air Phase II. Report. NILU OR

Knudsen, S.; Solberg, S.; Larssen, T.; Bruteig, I.

Efficient use of a Lagrangian particle dispersion model for atmospheric inversions using satellite observations of column mixing ratios

Thompson, Rona Louise; Krishnankutty, Nalini; Pisso, Ignacio; Schneider, Philipp; Stebel, Kerstin; Sasakawa, Motoki; Stohl, Andreas; Platt, Stephen Matthew

Satellite instruments for measuring atmospheric column mixing ratios have improved significantly over the past couple of decades, with increases in pixel resolution and accuracy. As a result, satellite observations are being increasingly used in atmospheric inversions to improve estimates of emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), particularly CO2 and CH4, and to constrain regional and national emission budgets. However, in order to make use of the increasing resolution in inversions, the atmospheric transport models used need to be able to represent the observations at these finer resolutions. Here, we present a new and computationally efficient methodology to model satellite column average mixing ratios with a Lagrangian particle dispersion model (LPDM) and calculate the Jacobian matrices describing the relationship between surface fluxes of GHGs and atmospheric column average mixing ratios, as needed in inversions. The development will enable a more accurate representation of satellite observations (especially high-resolution ones) via the use of LPDMs and, thus, help improve the accuracy of emission estimates obtained by atmospheric inversions. We present a case study using this methodology in the FLEXPART (FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model) LPDM and the FLEXINVERT inversion framework to estimate CH4 fluxes over Siberia using column average mixing ratios of CH4 (XCH4) from the TROPOMI (TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument) instrument aboard the Sentinel-5P satellite. The results of the inversion using TROPOMI XCH4 are evaluated against results using ground-based observations.

Effekter og nivåer av bromerte flammehemmere; en oppsummering. Powerpoint presentasjon. NILU F

Mariussen, E.

Effekter av ulike tiltak for å redusere NO2-nivået - modellresultater.

Høiskar, B.A.K.; Sundvor, I.; Sousa Santos, G.; Vogt, M.; Haug, T.; Strand, A.; Fridstrøm, L.; Aas, H.

Effekter av klima og klimaendringer på den bygde kulturarven. Nedbrytningsmekanismer og sårbarhet. NILU OR

Grøntoft, T.; Drdacky, M.

Effekt av lavutslippssoner på luftkvaliteten i Oslo. Utslipps- og spredningsberegninger. NILU rapport

Høiskar, B.A.K.; Sundvor, I.; Vogt, M.

Effects of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the Hprt gene mutations in V79 hamster cells

Kazimirova, Alena; Yamani, Naouale El; Rubio, Laura; Garcia-Rodriguez, Alba; Barancokova, Magdalena; Marcos, Ricard; Dusinska, Maria

The genotoxicity of anatase/rutile TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs, NM105 at 3, 15 and 75 µg/cm2) was assessed with the mammalian in-vitro Hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (Hprt) gene mutation test in Chinese hamster lung (V79) fibroblasts after 24 h exposure. Two dispersion procedures giving different size distribution and dispersion stability were used to investigate whether the effects of TiO2 NPs depend on the state of agglomeration. TiO2 NPs were fully characterised in the previous European FP7 projects NanoTEST and NanoREG2. Uptake of TiO2 NPs was measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TiO2 NPs were found in cytoplasmic vesicles, as well as close to the nucleus. The internalisation of TiO2 NPs did not depend on the state of agglomeration and dispersion used. The cytotoxicity of TiO2 NPs was measured by determining both the relative growth activity (RGA) and the plating efficiency (PE). There were no substantial effects of exposure time (24, 48 and 72 h), although a tendency to lower RGA at longer exposure was observed. No significant difference in PE values and no increases in the Hprt gene mutant frequency were found in exposed relative to unexposed cultures in spite of evidence of uptake of NPs by cells.

Effects of the 11-year Solar Cycle including Medium-Energy Electron Precipitation in WACCM decadal climate predictions

Guttu, Sigmund; Orsolini, Yvan; Stordal, Frode; Otterå, Odd Helge; Toniazzo, Thomas; Verronen, Pekka T.

Effects of sources and meteorology on particulate matter in the Western Mediterranean Basin: An overview of the DAURE campaign.

Pandolfi, M.; Querol, X.; Alastuey, A.; Jimenez, J.L.; Jorba, O.; Day, D.; Ortega, A.; Cubison, M.J.; Comerón, A.; Sicard, M.; Mohr, C.; Prévôt, A.S.H.; Minguillón, M.C.; J. Pey, Baldasano, J.M.; Burkhart, J.F.; Seco, R.; Peñuelas, J.; van Drooge, B.L.; Artiñano, B.; Di Marco, C.; Nemitz, E.; Schallhart, S.; Metzger, A.; Hansel, A.; Lorente, J.; Ng, S.; Jayne, J.; Szidat, S.

Effects of relative humidity on aerosol light scattering in the Arctic.

Zieger, P.; Fierz-Schmidhauser, R.; Gysel, M.; Ström, J.; Henne, S.; Yttri, K.E.; Baltensperger, U.; Weingartner, E.

Effects of polyfluorinated mixtures used in fire fighting foams: linking transcriptomics, hematology, growth and energy budget in juvenile turbot.

Hagenaars, A.; Meyer, J.; Herzke, D.; Pabon, M.; De Coen, W.; Knapen, D.

Effects of nitrogen deposition on growth of Norway spruce in Norway.

Andreassen, K.; Aas, W.