Publikasjoner

Retrieving radius, concentration, optical depth, and mass of different types of aerosols from high-resolution infrared nadir spectra.

Clarisse, L.; Hurtmans, D.; Prata, A.J.; Karagulian, F.; Clerbaux, C.; De Maziere, M.; Coheur, P.F.

RETRO database for observational data. NILU F

Stordal, F.; Vik, A.F.

Retro database for observations. Powerpoint presentation. NILU F

Vik, A.F.; Bjørndalsæter, S.; Stoll, C.

Retrospective and prospective intake assessment of perfluorinated chemicals within the European Union: the PERFOOD project.

Brambilla, G.; Dellatte, E.; di Domenico, A.; Heinemeyer, G.; D'Hollander, W.; Herzke, D.; van Leeuwen, S.; De Voogt, W.P.

Revealing the significant acceleration of hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) emissions in eastern Asia through long-term atmospheric observations

Choi, Haklim; Redington, Alison L.; Park, Hyeri; Kim, Jooil; Thompson, Rona Louise; Mühle, Jens; Salameh, Peter K.; Harth, Christina M.; Weiss, Ray F.; Manning, Alistair J.; Park, Sunyoung

Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are powerful anthropogenic greenhouse gases (GHGs) with high global-warming potentials (GWPs). They have been widely used as refrigerants, insulation foam-blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression agents. Since the mid-1990s, emissions of HFCs have been increasing rapidly as they are used in many applications to replace ozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) whose consumption and production have been phased out under the Montreal Protocol (MP). Due to the high GWP of HFCs, the Kigali Amendment to the MP requires the phasedown of production and consumption of HFCs to gradually achieve an 80 %–85 % reduction by 2047, starting in 2019 for non-Article 5 (developed) countries with a 10 % reduction against each defined baseline and later schedules for Article 5 (developing) countries. In this study, we have examined long-term high-precision measurements of atmospheric abundances of five major HFCs (HFC-134a, HFC-143a, HFC-32, HFC-125, and HFC-152a) at Gosan station, Jeju Island, South Korea, from 2008 to 2020. Background abundances of HFCs gradually increased, and the inflow of polluted air masses with elevated abundances from surrounding source regions were detected over the entire period. From these pollution events, we inferred regional and country-specific HFC emission estimates using two independent Lagrangian particle dispersion models and Bayesian inversion frameworks (FLEXPART-FLEXINVERT+ and NAME-InTEM). The spatial distribution of the derived “top-down” (measurement based) emissions for all HFCs shows large fluxes from megacities and industrial areas in the region. Our most important finding is that HFC emissions in eastern China and Japan have sharply increased from 2016 to 2018. The contribution of East Asian HFC emissions to the global total increased from 9 % (2008–2014) to 13 % (2016–2020). In particular, HFC emissions in Japan (Annex I country) rose rapidly from 2016 onward, with accumulated total inferred HFC emissions being ∼ 114 Gg yr−1, which is ∼ 76 Gg yr−1 higher for 2016–2020 than the “bottom-up” (i.e., based on activity data and emission factors) emissions of ∼ 38 Gg yr−1 reported to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). This is likely related to the increase in domestic demand in Japan for refrigerants and air-conditioning-system-related products and incomplete accounting. A downward trend of HFC emissions that started in 2019 reflects the effectiveness of the F-gas policy in Japan. Eastern China and South Korea, though not obligated to report to the UNFCCC, voluntarily reported emissions, which also show differences between top-down and bottom-up emission estimates, demonstrating the need for atmospheric measurements, comprehensive data analysis, and accurate reporting for precise emission management. Further, the proportional contribution of each country's CO2-equivalent HFC emissions has changed over time, with HFC-134a decreasing and HFC-125 increasing. This demonstrates the transition in the predominant HFC substances contributing to global warming in each country.

Revidert tiltaksutredning for lokal luftkvalitet i Drammen

Weydahl, Torleif; Markelj, Miha; Høyem, Harald

NILU – Norsk institutt for luftforskning har, i samarbeid med Asplan Viak AS, utarbeidet en tiltaksutredning for lokal luftkvalitet i Drammen kommune. Tiltaksutredningen omfatter en kartlegging av luftkvaliteten i Drammen ved trafikkberegninger og utslipps- og spredningsberegninger for svevestøv (PM10 og PM2,5) for Dagens situasjon 2021 og Referansesituasjonen 2030 og for 2030 med tiltak rettet mot svevestøv. Basert på resultatene fra beregningene og i samarbeid med oppdragsgiver, styringsgruppe og referansegruppe, er det foreslått en revidert handlingsplan som skal behandles politisk.

NILU

Revidert tiltaksutredning for lokal luftkvalitet i Stavanger

Weydahl, Torleif; Høiskar, Britt Ann Kåstad; Johnsrud, Mona; Ranheim, Patrick

The air quality assessment for Stavanger covers mapping of the air quality in Stavanger through traffic, emission and dispersion calculations of PM10, PM2,5 and NO2 for the present situation (2018) and future scenarios (2024) with and without measures. Based on the calculations and in coordination with Stavanger municipality, a plan for improved local air quality and a management plan for periods with high concentration levels is proposed for political processing.

NILU

Revidert tiltaksutredning for luftkvalitet i Oslo og Bærum.

Sundvor, I.

Reviderte spredningsberegninger - SEV Sundsværket. NILU OR

Knudsen, S.; Haugsbakk, I.

Reviderte spredningsberegninger for utslipp til luft fra Eidsiva Bioenergi AS Kallerud, Gjøvik NILU OR

Haugsbakk, I.; Tønnesen, D.

Reviderte spredningsberegninger for utslipp til luft fra energisentral i Nydalen, Oslo. NILU OR

Haugsbakk, I.; Tønnesen, D.

Det er utført sprednings- og skorsteinshøydeberegninger for utslipp fra planlagt energisentral i Nydalen, Oslo. Maksimale bakkekonsentrasjoner vil ligge under anbefalt retningslinje ved oppgitte anleggsdata og anbefalt pipehøyde.

Reviderte spredningsberegninger for utslipp til luft fra et fjernvarmeanlegg i Skedsmo kommune. NILU OR

Haugsbakk, I.