Publikasjoner

Atmospheric transport is a major pathway of microplastics to remote regions

Evangeliou, Nikolaos; Grythe, H.; Klimont, Zbigniew; Heyes, Chris; Eckhardt, Sabine; Lopez-Aparicio, S.; Stohl, Andreas

In recent years, marine, freshwater and terrestrial pollution with microplastics has been discussed extensively, whereas atmospheric microplastic transport has been largely overlooked. Here, we present global simulations of atmospheric transport of microplastic particles produced by road traffic (TWPs – tire wear particles and BWPs – brake wear particles), a major source that can be quantified relatively well. We find a high transport efficiencies of these particles to remote regions. About 34% of the emitted coarse TWPs and 30% of the emitted coarse BWPs (100 kt yr−1 and 40 kt yr−1 respectively) were deposited in the World Ocean. These amounts are of similar magnitude as the total estimated direct and riverine transport of TWPs and fibres to the ocean (64 kt yr−1). We suggest that the Arctic may be a particularly sensitive receptor region, where the light-absorbing properties of TWPs and BWPs may also cause accelerated warming and melting of the cryosphere.

Atmospheric transport characteristics during warm-air intrusions – focusing on aerosol, energy, and moisture transport

Plach, Andreas; Eckhardt, Sabine; Evangeliou, Nikolaos; Ekman, Annica M. L.

Arctic Amplification is not well understood. It is the result of a complicated interplay between remote and local forcing and feedback processes. Therefore, it is crucial to enhance our understanding of the transport of energy and moisture from lower latitudes. The amount of aerosol in the Arctic is also an important quantity as their role in Arctic Amplification, via direct radiative forcing and aerosol-cloud interactions, remain poorly quantified.In this work, we aim to better quantify how aerosols, energy, and moisture are transported to and distributed within the Arctic. We investigate observations at Arctic stations, including, Villum and Zeppelin, and perform backward-in-time simulations with the Lagrangian atmospheric transport model FLEXPART (Pisso et al., 2019; Bakels et al., 2024) to derive so-called emission sensitivities and use these sensitivities to better quantify source regions of aerosols, energy, and moisture.In general, we aim to better describe the spatial and temporal atmospheric transport characteristics into the Arctic and how these characteristics have changed in recent years. We focus on the transport during warm-air intrusions, since almost 30% of the total poleward transport of moisture (during winter) occurs during such events (Woods et al., 2013). Warm-air intrusions are often associated with large-scale atmospheric blocking patterns forcing a change in transport direction from east to more poleward, bringing warm, moist, and cloudy air into the Arctic. Warm-air intrusions can also be favourable for an enhanced transport of aerosols (e.g., Dada et al., 2022).Since climate models show large biases in moisture flux during these events (Woods et al., 2017), there is clearly a need to better quantify the transport of moisture, energy, and aerosols during these events. This will also help to provide better forcing for climate simulations.Bakels et al. (2024): 10.5194/gmd-17-7595-2024; Dada et al. (2022): 10.1038/s41467-022-32872-2; Lapere et al. (2024): 10.1029/2023JD039606; Pisso et al. (2019): 10.5194/gmd-12-4955-2019; Woods et al. (2013): 10.1002/grl.50912; Woods et al. (2017): 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0710.

Atmospheric transport and deposition of reactive nitrogen in Europe.

Simpson, D.; Aas, W.; Bartnicki, J.; Berge, H.; Bleeker, A.; Cuvelier, K.; Dentener, F.; Dore, T.; Erisman, J.W.; Fagerli, H.; Felchard, C.; Hertel, O.; Jaarsveld, H. van, Jenkin, M.; Schaap, M.; Semeena, V.S.; Thunis, P.; Vautard, R.; Vieno, M.

Atmospheric transport and deposition of pesticides in Sweden. NILU F

Kreuger, J.; Kylin, H.

Atmospheric trace gas variations at Stara Zagora in the winter of 2004/2005. NILU F

Werner, R.; Kostadinov, I.; Stebel, K.; Valex, D.; Atanasov, At.; Giovanelli, G.; Petritoli, A.; Bortoli, D.; Ravegnani, F.; Markova, T.

Atmospheric supply of nitrogen, lead, cadmium, mercury and PCB to the Baltic Sea in 2013. Summary Report for HELCOM. EMEP/MSC-W Technical report, 1/2015

Valiyaveetil, S.; Bartnicki, J.; Gusev, A.; Aas, W.

Atmospheric supply of nitrogen, lead, cadmium, mercury and lindane to the Baltic Sea in 2003. MSC-W Technical Report, 3/05

Bartnicki, J.; Gusev, A.; Berg, T.; Fagerli, H.

Atmospheric supply of nitrogen, lead, cadmium, mercury and dioxines/furans to the Baltic Sea in 2012. Summary Report for HELCOM. EMEP/MSC-W Technical report, 2/2014

Valiyaveetil, S.; Bartnicki, J.; Gusev, A.; Aas, W.

Atmospheric supply of nitrogen, lead, cadmium, mercury and dioxines/furanes to the Baltic Sea in 2010. Summary Report for HELCOM. EMEP/MSC-W Technical report, 2/2012

Bartnicki, J.; Gusev, A.; Aas, W.; Fagerli, H.; Valiyaveetil, S.

Atmospheric supply of nitrogen, lead, cadmium, mercury and dioxines/furanes to the Baltic Sea in 2008. EMEP/MSC-W Technical report 2/2010

Bartnicki, J.; Gusev, A.; Aas, W.; Valiyaveetil, S.

Atmospheric supply of nitrogen, lead, cadmium, mercury and dioxines/furanes to the Baltic Sea in 2006. Summary Report for HELCOM. EMEP/MSC-W Technical report, 2/2008

Bartnicki, J.; Gusev, A.; Aas, W.; Fagerli, H.; Valiyaveetil, S.

Atmospheric supply of nitrogen, lead, cadmium, mercury and dioxines/furanes to the Baltic Sea in 2004. Summary Report for HELCOM. EMEP/MSC-W Technical report, 3/2006

Bartnicki, J.; Gusev, A.; Aas, W.; Fagerli, H.

Atmospheric Supply of Nitrogen, Copper, HCB, BDE-99, SCCP and PFOS to the Baltic Sea in 2019

Gauss, Michael; Gusev, Alexey; Aas, Wenche; Shatalov, Victor; Ilyin, Ilia; Rozovskaya, Olga; Klein, Heiko; Nyiri, Agnes; Vulyh, Nadejda

Norwegian Meteorological Institute