Publikasjoner

Kvartalsrapport 1. november 2006 - 31. januar 2007. Miljøovervåking av utslipp til luft fra Snøhvit-Hammerfest LNG. NILU OR

Jablonska, H.B.

Kvikksølv i grenseområdene Norge - Russland. Målinger av kvikksølv (Hg) i luft og nedbør i grenseområdene mot Russland.

Berglen, Tore Flatlandsmo; Nilsen, Anne-Cathrine; Pfaffhuber, Katrine Aspmo; Uggerud, Hilde Thelle

In the project there were monitoring of mercury (Hg) in air at one station and sampling and analysis of Hg in precipitation at two stations as well as analysis of Hg in 14 fish from the Pasvik water course. The monitoring results for Hg in air in Karpdalen show background levels around 1,3 - 1,4 ng/m3. Enhanced concentrations of Hg correspond to enhanced concentrations of SO2 (episodes). It is therefore likely that there exist a small local source of Hg in the border areas co-located with the sources of SO2. Concentrations and deposition of Hg in precipitation are higher at Svanvik than in Karpdalen, but lower than background stations in Southern Norway. Analysis of Hg in fish meat show that the largest fish (pike, trout, perch) have concentrations higher than the threshold value of 0,5 mg/kg. White fish showed low values.

NILU

Kvikksølv over Svalbard.

Girard, L.; Berg, T.; Hole, L.R.

Laboratory and field test - presentation of results from the MASTER project. Powerpoint presentation. NILU F

Grøntoft, T.

Lack of mutagenicity of TiO2 nanoparticles in vitro despite cellular and nuclear uptake

El Yamani, Naouale; Rubio, Laura; García-Rodríguez, Alba; Kažimírová, Alena; Rundén-Pran, Elise; Barančoková, Magdaléna; Marcos, Ricard; Dusinska, Maria

The potential genotoxicity of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) is a conflictive topic because both positive and negative findings have been reported. To add clarity, we have carried out a study with two cell lines (V79–4 and A549) to evaluate the effects of TiO2 NPs (NM-101), with a diameter ranging from 15 to 60 nm, at concentrations 1–75 μg/cm2. Using two different dispersion procedures, cell uptake was determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Mutagenicity was evaluated using the Hprt gene mutation test, while genotoxicity was determined with the comet assay, detecting both DNA breaks and oxidized DNA bases (with formamidopyrimidine glycosylase - Fpg). Cell internalization, as determined by TEM, shows TiO2 NM-101 in cytoplasmic vesicles, as well as close to and inside the nucleus. Such internalization did not depend on the state of agglomeration, nor the dispersion used. In spite of such internalization, no cytotoxicity was detected in V79–4 cells (relative growth activity and plating efficiency assays) or in A549 cells (AlamarBlue assay) after exposure lasting for 24 h. However, a significant decrease in the relative growth activity was detected at longer exposure times (48 and 72 h) and at the highest concentration 75 µg/cm2. When the modified enzyme-linked alkaline comet assay was performed on A549 cells, although no significant induction of DNA damage was detected, a positive concentration-effects relationship was observed (Spearman’s correlation = 0.9, p 0.0001). Furthermore, no significant increase of DNA oxidized purine bases was observed. When the frequency of Hprt gene mutants was determined in V79–4 cells, no increase was observed in the exposed cells, relative to the unexposed cultures. Our general conclusion is that, under our experimental conditions, TiO2 NM-101 exposure does not exert mutagenic effects despite the evidence of NP uptake by V79–4 cells.

Lagrangian modeling of the atmosphere. Geophysical Monograph Series, 200

Lin, J.; Brunner, D.; Gerbig, C.; Stohl, A.; Luhar, A.; Webley, P. (eds.)

Lagrangian reconstruction of ozone column and profile at the Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research (ALOMAR) throughout the winter and spring of 1997-1998.

Orsolini, Y.J.; Hansen, G.; Manney, G.L.; Livesey, N.; Hoppe, U.P.

Lagrangian transport and inverse emission modeling of non-CO2 greenhouse gases in Europe.

Brunner, D.; Henne, S.; Reimann, S.; Hiller, R.; Manning, A.; Thompson, R.; Stohl, A.

Land atmosphere exchange of carbon dioxide in a north Norwegian blanket bog. NILU F

Lund, M.; Bjerke, J.W.; Drake, B.G.; Engelsen, O.; Hansen, G.H.; Parmentier, F.J.W.; Powell, T.; Silvennoinen, H.; Tømmervik, H.; Weldon, S.; Rasse, D.

Land data assimilation at NILU: Toward an integrated representation of the Arctic hydrological cycle.

Blyverket, J.; Hamer, P.; Svendby, T.; Lahoz, W.

Land data assimilation: a tool for improving land surface models and observations. NILU PP

Lahoz, W.A.; Prata, A.J.; Orsolini, Y.

Land surface temperature validation for WACMOS-ET. Reference input data set validation report. NILU report

Schneider, P.; Prata, F.; Martins, J.; Pires, A.; Trigo, I.; Jimenez, C.; Goettsche, F.; Hook, S. J.

The Land Surface Temperature (LST) products generated specifically for the WAter Cycle Observation Multi-mission Strategy - EvapoTranspiration (WACMOS-ET)project, funded by the European Space Agency (ESA), are evaluated with respect to their overall quality. LST products derived from observations acquired by the Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR), the Multi-Functional Transport Satellite (MTSAT), and the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) were studied here. Following previously established best-practices on LST validation, the evaluation includes both a qualitative component addressing general issues with the data, as well as a quantitative component, which compares the LST products directly against a reference dataset. For the latter satellite LST is compared against both ground-based in situ datasets acting as a source of absolute reference data and against independent satellite-based LST products from other sensors to provide a spatially exhaustive relative comparison.

Land use regression modelling for air quality exposure: A step in the wrong direction. NILU F

Denby, B.R.