Publikasjoner

Intercorrelations of Chlorinated Paraffins, Dechloranes, and Legacy Persistent Organic Pollutants in 10 Species of Marine Mammals from Norway, in Light of Dietary Niche

Andvik, Clare Margaret; Jourdain, Eve Marie; Borgen, Anders; Lyche, Jan Ludvig; Karoliussen, Richard; Haug, Tore; Borgå, Katrine

Short-, medium-, and long-chain chlorinated paraffins (CPs) (SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs) and dechloranes are chemicals of emerging concern; however, little is known of their bioaccumulative potential compared to legacy contaminants in marine mammals. Here, we analyzed SCCPs, MCCPs, LCCPs, 7 dechloranes, 4 emerging brominated flame retardants, and 64 legacy contaminants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), in the blubber of 46 individual marine mammals, representing 10 species, from Norway. Dietary niche was modeled based on stable isotopes of nitrogen and carbon in the skin/muscle to assess the contaminant accumulation in relation to diet. SCCPs and dechlorane-602 were strongly positively correlated with legacy contaminants and highest in killer (Orcinus orca) and sperm (Physeter macrocephalus) whales (median SCCPs: 160 ng/g lw; 230 ng/g lw and median dechlorane-602: 3.8 ng/g lw; 2.0 ng/g lw, respectively). In contrast, MCCPs and LCCPs were only weakly correlated to recalcitrant legacy contaminants and were highest in common minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata; median MCCPs: 480 ng/g lw and LCCPs: 240 ng/g lw). The total contaminant load in all species was dominated by PCBs and legacy chlorinated pesticides (63–98%), and MCCPs dominated the total CP load (42–68%, except 11% in the long-finned pilot whale Globicephala melas). Surprisingly, we found no relation between contaminant concentrations and dietary niche, suggesting that other large species differences may be masking effects of diet such as lifespan or biotransformation and elimination capacities. CP and dechlorane concentrations were higher than in other marine mammals from the (sub)Arctic, and they were present in a killer whale neonate, indicating bioaccumulative properties and a potential for maternal transfer in these predominantly unregulated chemicals.

Intercontinental air pollution transport - mechanisms and observational evidence (with focus on trans-Atlantic transport). Powerpoint presentation. NILU F

Stohl, A.

Intercomparison study of atmospheric mercury models: 2. Modelling results vs. long-term observations and comparison of country deposition budgets.

Ryaboshapko, A.; Bullock Jr.; O.R.; Christensen, J.; Cohen, M.; Dastoor, A.; Ilyin, I.; Petersen, G.; Syrakov, D.; Travnikov, O.; Artz, R.S.; Davignon, D.; Draxler, R.R.; Munthe, J.; Pacyna, J.

Intercomparison of stratospheric ozone and temperature measurements at the Observatoire de Haute Provence during the OTOIC NDSC validation campaign from 118 July 1997.

Braathen, G. O. , Godin-Beekmann, S.; Keckhut, P.; McGee, T. J.; Gross, M. R.; Vialle, C.; Hauchecorne, A.

Intercomparison of satellite retrieved aerosol optical depth over the ocean.

Myhre, G.; Stordal, F.; Johnsrud, M.; Ignatov, A.; Mischenko, M.I.; Geogdzhayev, I.V.; Tanre, D.; Deuze, J.L.; Goloub, P.; Nakajima, T.; Higurashi, A.; Torres, O.; Holben, B.

Intercomparison of satellite retrieved aerosol optical depth over ocean during the period September 1997 to December 2000.

Myhre, G.; Stordal, F.; Johnsrud, M.; Diner, D.J.; Geogdzhayev, I.V.; Hatwood, J.M.; Holben, B.; Holzer-Popp, T.; Ignatov, A.; Kahn, R.; Kaufman, Y.J.; Loeb, N.; Martonchik, J.; Mishchenko, M.I.; Nalli, N.R.; Remer, L.A.; Schroedter-Homscheidt, M.; Tanré, D.; Torres, O.; Wang, M.

Intercomparison of ME-2 source apportionment results from 15 co-located aerosol mass spectrometers from the ACTRIS - ACSM network. NILU F

Fröhlich, R.; Crenn, V.; Canonaco, F.; Slowik, J.G.; Favez, O.; Aas, W.; Äijälä, M.; Artiñano, B.; Belis, C.A.; Bressi, M.; Carbone, C.; Coz, E.; Croteau, P.L.; Cubison, M.J.; Gietl, J.K.; Green, D.C.; Heikkinen, L.; Jayne, J.T.; Minguillón, M.C.; O'Dowd, C.D.; Ovadnevaite, J.; Petralia, E.; Poulain, L.; Priestman, M.; Riffault, V.; Ripoll, A.; Sarda-Estève, R.; Setyan, A.; Baltensperger, U.; Sciare, J.; Prévôt, A.S.H.

Intercomparison of five urban scale air quality models.

Meijer, E.W.; Jonkers, S.; Zandveld, P.Y.J.; Denby, B.; Sundvor, I.; Barmpas, F.; Douros, I.; Moussiopoulos, N.; Singh, V.; Sokhi, R.S.; Karppinen, A.; Kangas, L.

Intercomparison exercise between different radiative transfer models used for the interpretation of ground-based zenith-sky and multi-axis DOAS observations.

Hendrick, F.; Van Roozendael, M.; Kylling, A.; Petritoli, A.; Rozanov, A.; Sanghavi, S.; Schofield, R.; von Friedeburg, C.; Wagner, T.; Wittrock, F.; Fonteyn, D.; De Mazière, M.

Intercomparison and evaluation of global aerosol microphysical properties among AeroCom models of a range of complexity.

Mann, G. W.; Carslaw, K. S.; Reddington, C. L.; Pringle, K. J.; Schulz, M.; Asmi, A.; Spracklen, D. V.; Ridley, D. A.; Woodhouse, M. T.; Lee, L. A.; Zhang, K.; Ghan, S. J.; Easter, R. C.; Liu, X.; Stier, P.; Lee, Y. H.; Adams, P. J.; Tost, H.; Lelieveld, J.; Bauer, S. E.; Tsigaridis, K.; van Noije, T. P. C.; Strunk, A.; Vignati, E.; Bellouin, N.; Dalvi, M.; Johnson, C. E.; Bergman, T.; Kokkola, H.; von Salzen, K.; Yu, F.; Luo, G.; Petzold, A.; Heintzenberg, J.; Clarke, A.; Ogren, J. A.; Gras, J.; Baltensperger, U.; Kaminski, U.; Jennings, S. G.; O'Dowd, C. D.; Harrison, R. M.; Beddows, D. C. S.; Kulmala, M.; Viisanen, Y.; Ulevicius, V.; Mihalopoulos, N.; Zdimal, V.; Fiebig, M.; Hansson, H.-C.; Swietlicki, E.; Henzing, J. S.

Interannual variability of Greenland winter precipitation sources: Lagrangian moisture diagnostic and North Atlantic Oscillation influence.

Sodemann, H.; Schwierz, C.; Wernli, H.

Interannual variability in tropospheric nitrous oxide.

Thompson, R.L.; Dlugokencky, E.; Chevallier, F.; Ciais, P.; Dutton, G.; Elkins, J.W.; Langenfelds, R.L.; Prinn, R.G.; Weiss, R.F.; Tohjima, Y.; O'Doherty, S.; Krummel, P.B.; Fraser, P.; Steele, L.P.