Publikasjoner

Intercorrelations of Chlorinated Paraffins, Dechloranes, and Legacy Persistent Organic Pollutants in 10 Species of Marine Mammals from Norway, in Light of Dietary Niche

Andvik, Clare Margaret; Jourdain, Eve Marie; Borgen, Anders; Lyche, Jan Ludvig; Karoliussen, Richard; Haug, Tore; Borgå, Katrine

Short-, medium-, and long-chain chlorinated paraffins (CPs) (SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs) and dechloranes are chemicals of emerging concern; however, little is known of their bioaccumulative potential compared to legacy contaminants in marine mammals. Here, we analyzed SCCPs, MCCPs, LCCPs, 7 dechloranes, 4 emerging brominated flame retardants, and 64 legacy contaminants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), in the blubber of 46 individual marine mammals, representing 10 species, from Norway. Dietary niche was modeled based on stable isotopes of nitrogen and carbon in the skin/muscle to assess the contaminant accumulation in relation to diet. SCCPs and dechlorane-602 were strongly positively correlated with legacy contaminants and highest in killer (Orcinus orca) and sperm (Physeter macrocephalus) whales (median SCCPs: 160 ng/g lw; 230 ng/g lw and median dechlorane-602: 3.8 ng/g lw; 2.0 ng/g lw, respectively). In contrast, MCCPs and LCCPs were only weakly correlated to recalcitrant legacy contaminants and were highest in common minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata; median MCCPs: 480 ng/g lw and LCCPs: 240 ng/g lw). The total contaminant load in all species was dominated by PCBs and legacy chlorinated pesticides (63–98%), and MCCPs dominated the total CP load (42–68%, except 11% in the long-finned pilot whale Globicephala melas). Surprisingly, we found no relation between contaminant concentrations and dietary niche, suggesting that other large species differences may be masking effects of diet such as lifespan or biotransformation and elimination capacities. CP and dechlorane concentrations were higher than in other marine mammals from the (sub)Arctic, and they were present in a killer whale neonate, indicating bioaccumulative properties and a potential for maternal transfer in these predominantly unregulated chemicals.

Måling av luftkvalitet i Forsvarets forlegning i Bamako. Målinger for Det norske forsvaret 2022.

Johnsrud, Mona; Tørnkvist, Kjersti Karlsen; Uggerud, Hilde Thelle; Vadset, Marit; Andresen, Erik; Schmidbauer, Norbert; Halse, Anne Karine

NILU

The FAIRness of ACTRIS Data Centre

Myhre, Cathrine Lund; Fiebig, Markus; Rud, Richard Olav; Mona, Lucia; Dema, Claudio; Pascal, Nicolas; Henry, Patrice; Picquet-Varrault, Bénédicte; Brissebrat, Guillaume; Boonne, Cathy; O'Connor, Ewan; Tukiainen, Simo

The purpose of this report is to document the status and implementation of FAIRness within ACTRIS Data centre as of March 2023, developed over the period January 2019 – March 2023.

The report is an extended version of ENVRI-FAIR deliverable D8.4 due March 2023 and available through Zenodo: ENVRI-FAIR D8.4: The FAIRness of ACTRIS | Zenodo, only including the work until autumn 2022. This present report adds more information to the implementation of the FAIR principles by ACTRIS Data Centre over the period January 2019 – March 2023. In addition to D8.4, the present report provides a comprehensive external FAIRness assessment covering the entire period 2019 - 2023, along with an evaluation of the implementation in the years 2022 and the first half of 2023. It's important to note that the project deliverable only encompasses the period from 2019 to 2021.

NILU

Surface warming in Svalbard may have led to increases in highly active ice-nucleating particles

Tobo, Yutaka; Adachi, Kouji; Kawai, Kei; Matsui, Hitoshi; Ohata, Sho; Oshima, Naga; Kondo, Yutaka; Hermansen, Ove; Uchida, Masaki; Inoue, Jun; Koike, Makoto

The roles of Arctic aerosols as ice-nucleating particles remain poorly understood, even though their effects on cloud microphysics are crucial for assessing the climate sensitivity of Arctic mixed-phase clouds and predicting their response to Arctic warming. Here we present a full-year record of ice-nucleating particle concentrations over Svalbard, where surface warming has been anomalously faster than the Arctic average. While the variation of ice-nucleating particles active at around −30 °C was relatively small, those active at higher temperatures (i.e., highly active ice-nucleating particles) tended to increase exponentially with rising surface air temperatures when the surface air temperatures rose above 0 °C and snow/ice-free barren and vegetated areas appeared in Svalbard. The aerosol population relevant to their increase was largely characterized by dust and biological organic materials that likely originated from local/regional terrestrial sources. Our results suggest that highly active ice-nucleating particles could be actively released from Arctic natural sources in response to surface warming.

Status report of air quality in Europe for year 2022, using validated data

Targa, Jaume; Colina, María; Banyuls, Lorena; Ortiz, Alberto González; Soares, Joana

ETC/HE

Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) as a Part of Innovation Processes

Hudecova, Alexandra Misci

Trenger Norge et målrettet samfunnsoppdrag for sirkulær økonomi? Utrednings- og medvirkningsfase for et mulig samfunnsoppdrag for sirkulær økonomi

Möller, Charlotta; Guerreiro, Cristina; Tarrasón, Leonor

NILU har i 2024 bistått Klima- og miljødepartementet (KLD) med en utrednings- og medvirkningsprosess for å se på muligheten for etablering av et samfunnsoppdrag for sirkulær økonomi. Dette er et oppdrag under KLDs rammeavtale for klima- og miljøkunnskap. I regjeringens «Handlingsplan for en sirkulær økonomi» er et av handlingspunktene å utrede et samfunnsoppdrag for sirkulær økonomi. Målet med dette oppdraget var å fasilitere en prosess for å identifisere mulige overordnede mål og delmål og etablere rammen for et mulig nasjonalt samfunnsoppdrag. Aktivitetene i denne fasen inkluderte en serie med koordinerte samskapingsmøter for å mobilisere og engasjere relevante samfunnsaktører og komme fram til en felles forståelse av et mulig målrettet samfunnsoppdrag. Prosessen og resultatene er oppsummert i denne rapporten.

NILU

Soil is a potentially important sink for VOCs

Jiao, Yi; Kramshøj, Magnus; Davie-Martin, Cleo Lisa; Albers, Christian Nyrop; Elberling, Bo; Rinnan, Riikka

Ekspert: Slik blir vi skadet av UV-stråling når sola gløder

Svendby, Tove Marit (intervjuobjekt); Kristiansen, Martin Næss (journalist)

Analysis and evaluation of genotoxicity and carcinogenicity assessment across legislation towards the regulatory implementation of NAMs

Bossa, Cecilia; Alivernini, Silvia; Andreoli, Cristina; Aquilina, Gabriele; Attias, Leonello; Marcon, Francesca; Russo, Maria Teresa; Dusinska, Maria; Yamani, Naouale El; Rundén-Pran, Elise; Louro, Henriqueta; Silva, Maria João; Benfenati, Emilio; Raitano, Giuseppa; Battistelli, Chiara Laura

Use of a Lagrangian transport model for atmospheric inversions using satellite observations: case study using TROPOMI to estimate CH4 emissions over Europe

Thompson, Rona Louise; Pisso, Ignacio; Schneider, Philipp; Stebel, Kerstin; Krishnankutty, Nalini; Platt, Stephen Matthew

An efficient use of a Lagrangian transport model for atmospheric inversions using satellite observations: case study using TROPOMI to estimate CH4 emissions over Siberia

Krishnankutty, Nalini; Thompson, Rona Louise; Pisso, Ignacio; Schneider, Philipp; Stebel, Kerstin; Sasakawa, Motoki; Platt, Stephen Matthew

Effect of Long-Range Transported Fire Aerosols on Cloud Condensation Nuclei Concentrations and Cloud Properties at High Latitudes

Kommula, Snehitha M.; Buchholz, Angela; Gramlich, Yvette; Mielonen, Tero; Hao, L.; Pullinen, Iida; Vettikkat, Lejish; Ylisirniö, A.; Joutsensaari, J.; Schobesberger, Siegfried; Tiitta, P; Leskinen, Ari; Heslin-Rees, Dominic; Haslett, S. L.; Siegel, Karolina; Lunder, Chris Rene; Zieger, Paul; Krejci, Radovan; Romakkaniemi, Sami; Mohr, C.; Virtanen, Annele

Active vegetation fires in south-eastern (SE) Europe resulted in a notable increase in the number concentration of aerosols and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) particles at two high latitude locations—the SMEAR IV station in Kuopio, Finland, and the Zeppelin Observatory in Svalbard, high Arctic. During the fire episode aerosol hygroscopicity κ slightly increased at SMEAR IV and at the Zeppelin Observatory κ decreased. Despite increased κ in high CCN conditions at SMEAR IV, the aerosol activation diameter increased due to the decreased supersaturation with an increase in aerosol loading. In addition, at SMEAR IV during the fire episode, in situ measured cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) increased by a factor of ∼7 as compared to non-fire periods which was in good agreement with the satellite observations (MODIS, Terra). Results from this study show the importance of SE European fires for cloud properties and radiative forcing in high latitudes.