Publikasjoner

Processes influencing ozone levels in forest fire plumes during long-range transport across the North Atlantic.

Real, E.; Law, K.; Ancellet, G.; Schlager, H.; Huntrieser, H.; Petzold, A.; Stohl, A.; Methven, J.; Arnold, S.; Lewis, A.; Crawford, J.; Nedelec, P.; Haeffelin, M.

Processes affecting the long-range transport potential of selected brominated flame retardants. NILU PP

Breivik, K.; Wania, F.; Daly, G.L.

Proceedings. The Sixth International WeBIOPATR Workshop & Conference. Particulate Matter: Research and Management. WeBIOPATR2017. 6 - 8 September 2017. Belgrade, Serbia.

Jovasevic-Stojanovic, Milena; Bartonova, Alena (eds.)

Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences

Proceedings from the 5th International WeBIOPATR workshop & conference. Particulate matter: Research and management. WeBIOPATR 2015. 14-16 October 2015, Belgrade, Serbia.

Jovasevic-Stojanovic, M.; Bartonova, A. (eds.)

Probing internal gravity waves in the middle atmosphere using infrasound from explosions

Vorobeva, Ekaterina; Assink, Jelle D.; Belova, Evgenia; Latteck, Ralph; Espy, Patrick Joseph; Baumgarten, Gerd; Strelnikova, Irina; Orsolini, Yvan Joseph Georges Emile G.; Näsholm, Sven Peter

Prising av luftforurensing fra veitrafikk

Grythe, Henrik

Prioritizing chemicals and data requirements for screening level exposure and risk assessment.

Arnot, J.A.; Brown, T.N.; Wania, F.; Breivik, K.; McLachlan, M.S.

Prioritization, screening and identification of organosilicon contaminants in the environment. NILU F

Kierkegaard, A.; McLachlan, M.S.; Breivik, K.; Arnot, J.A.; Wania, F.

A mass balance model of chemical fate and bioaccumulation in the environment was used to rank 287 high- and low-production volume organosilicon compounds for their concentration in the environment and in top predators. Key physical chemical properties of each chemical were estimated using quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) and a total emission estimate of each chemical was made using information, which included amounts entering commerce and emission factors. Based on the model predicted concentrations in air, sediment and human tissue, chemicals were selected for screening through environmental sampling and analysis. Known environmental organosilicon contaminants such as the cyclic and linear volatile methyl siloxanes (VMS) were excluded as well as structures subject to rapid hydrolysis, a feature which was not taken into account in the model simulations because of current limitations in predicting hydrolysis half-lives with QSARs. Analytical standards were only commercially available for half of the remaining 30 organosilicon compounds. Ten of these were not stable in solution, which left 5 organosilicon compounds eligible for environmental screening. These were tetrakis(trimethylsilyloxy)silane, phenyl-tris(trimethylsiloxy)silane, trifluoropropyltrimethylcyclotrisiloxane, trifluoropropylmethylcyclotetrasiloxane and tetraphenyltrisiloxane. Four of these chemicals were identified in sewage sludge, in sediment from Stockholm harbor, and in Stockholm ambient air samples. The trifluoropropyl-substituted siloxanes were analysed with UPLC-MS/MS, the others with GC-MS. Trifluoropropyltrimethylcyclotrisiloxane was solely detected as its corresponding linear diol. To date it is unclear whether the diol is present in the environment as such or formed during extraction or cleanup. The concentrations of the chemicals ranged from pg m-3 in air up to ng g-1 d.w. in sewage sludge, which are orders of magnitude below the levels of cyclic VMS (such as D5) in the same matrices.

Prioritisation and screening of emerging environmental contaminants in Norwegian environment

Rostkowski, Pawel

Primary sources of selected POPs: regional and global scale emission inventories.

Breivik, K.; Alcock, R.; Li, Y.-F.; Bailey, R.E.; Fiedler, H.; Pacyna, J.

Primary source regions of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) measured in the Arctic.

Ubl, S.; Scheringer, M.; Stohl, A.; Burkhart, J.F.; Hungerbuhler, K.

Primary aerosol and secondary inorganic aerosol budget over the Mediterranean Basin during 2012 and 2013

Guth, Jonathan; Marécal, Virginie; Josse, Béatrice; Arteta, Joaquim; Hamer, Paul

In the frame of the Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment (ChArMEx), we analyse the budget of primary aerosols and secondary inorganic aerosols over the Mediterranean Basin during the years 2012 and 2013. To do this, we use two year-long numerical simulations with the chemistry-transport model MOCAGE validated against satellite- and ground-based measurements. The budget is presented on an annual and a monthly basis on a domain covering 29 to 47° N latitude and 10° W to 38° E longitude.

The years 2012 and 2013 show similar seasonal variations. The desert dust is the main contributor to the annual aerosol burden in the Mediterranean region with a peak in spring, and sea salt being the second most important contributor. The secondary inorganic aerosols, taken as a whole, contribute a similar level to sea salt. The results show that all of the considered aerosol types, except for sea salt aerosols, experience net export out of our Mediterranean Basin model domain, and thus this area should be considered as a source region for aerosols globally. Our study showed that 11 % of the desert dust, 22.8 to 39.5 % of the carbonaceous aerosols, 35 % of the sulfate and 9 % of the ammonium emitted or produced into the study domain are exported. The main sources of variability for aerosols between 2012 and 2013 are weather-related variations, acting on emissions processes, and the episodic import of aerosols from North American fires.

In order to assess the importance of the anthropogenic emissions of the marine and the coastal areas which are central for the economy of the Mediterranean Basin, we made a sensitivity test simulation. This simulation is similar to the reference simulation but with the removal of the international shipping emissions and the anthropogenic emissions over a 50 km wide band inland along the coast. We showed that around 30 % of the emissions of carbonaceous aerosols and 35 to 60 % of the exported carbonaceous aerosols originates from the marine and coastal areas. The formation of 23, 27 and 27 %, respectively of, ammonium, nitrate and sulfate aerosols is due to the emissions within the marine and coastal area.