Publikasjoner

Permafrost Region Greenhouse Gas Budgets Suggest a Weak CO2 Sink and CH4 and N2O Sources, But Magnitudes Differ Between Top-Down and Bottom-Up Methods

Hugelius, G.; Ramage, J.; Burke, E.; Chatterjee, A.; Smallman, T.L.; Aalto, T.; Bastos, A.; Biasi, C.; Canadell, J.G.; Chandra, N.; Chevallier, F.; Ciais, P.; Chang, J.; Feng, L.; Jones, M.W.; Kleinen, T.; Kuhn, M.; Lauerwald, R.; Liu, J.; López-Blanco, E.; Luijkx, I.T.; Marushchak, M.E.; Natali, S.M.; Niwa, Y.; Olefeldt, D.; Palmer, P.I.; Patra, P.K.; Peters, W.; Potter, S.; Poulter, B.; Rogers, B.M.; Riley, W.J.; Saunois, M.; Schuur, E.A.G.; Thompson, Rona Louise; Treat, C.; Tsuruta, A.; Turetsky, M.R.; Virkkala, A.-M.; Voigt, C.; Watts, J.; Zhu, Q.; Zheng, B.

Large stocks of soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) in northern permafrost soils are vulnerable to remobilization under climate change. However, there are large uncertainties in present-day greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets. We compare bottom-up (data-driven upscaling and process-based models) and top-down (atmospheric inversion models) budgets of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) as well as lateral fluxes of C and N across the region over 2000–2020. Bottom-up approaches estimate higher land-to-atmosphere fluxes for all GHGs. Both bottom-up and top-down approaches show a sink of CO2 in natural ecosystems (bottom-up: −29 (−709, 455), top-down: −587 (−862, −312) Tg CO2-C yr−1) and sources of CH4 (bottom-up: 38 (22, 53), top-down: 15 (11, 18) Tg CH4-C yr−1) and N2O (bottom-up: 0.7 (0.1, 1.3), top-down: 0.09 (−0.19, 0.37) Tg N2O-N yr−1). The combined global warming potential of all three gases (GWP-100) cannot be distinguished from neutral. Over shorter timescales (GWP-20), the region is a net GHG source because CH4 dominates the total forcing. The net CO2 sink in Boreal forests and wetlands is largely offset by fires and inland water CO2 emissions as well as CH4 emissions from wetlands and inland waters, with a smaller contribution from N2O emissions. Priorities for future research include the representation of inland waters in process-based models and the compilation of process-model ensembles for CH4 and N2O. Discrepancies between bottom-up and top-down methods call for analyses of how prior flux ensembles impact inversion budgets, more and well-distributed in situ GHG measurements and improved resolution in upscaling techniques.

American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Persistent and emerging pollutants in the blood of German adults: Occurrence of dechloranes, polychlorinated naphthalenes, and siloxanes.

Fromme, H.; Cequier, E.; Kim, J.-T.; Hanssen, L.; Hilger, B.; Thomsen, C.; Chang, Y.-S.; Völkel, W.

Persistent organic contaminant levels in atmospheric samples from Bjørnøya (Bear island) and the Zeppelin Mountain research station (Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard). AMAP Report, 2002:2

Kallenborn, R.; Schlabach, M.; Christensen, G.; Skotvold, T.; Manø, S.

Persistent organic pollutant levels and the importance of source proximity in Baltic and Svalbard breeding common eiders.

Fenstad, A. A.; Jenssen, B. M.; Gabrielsen, K. M.; Öst, M.; Jaatinen, K.; Bustnes, J. O.; Hanssen, S. A.; Moe, B.; Herzke, D.; Krøkje, Å.

Persistent Organic Pollutants

Hanssen, Linda

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) as environmental risk factors in remote high-altitude ecosystems.

Kallenborn, R.

Persistent organic pollutants and organophosphate esters in feathers and blood plasma of adult kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) from Svalbard – associations with body condition and thyroid hormones

Svendsen, Niels Borup; Herzke, Dorte; Harju, Mikael; Bech, Claus; Gabrielsen, Geir W.; Jaspers, Veerle

Elsevier

Persistent organic pollutants in ambient air and fog at Bjørnøya (Bear Island). NILU F

Kallenborn, R.; Christensen, G.; Enge, E.K.; Herzke, D.; Schlabach, M.; Skotvold, T.

Persistent organic pollutants in benthic communities in Svalbard: Seasonal and spatial trends.

Evenset, A.; Hallanger, I.; Renaud, P.; Tessmann, M.; Warner, N.; Christensen, G.; Ruus, A.; Borgå, K.; Gabrielsen, G.W.

Persistent organic pollutants in fatty fish: an unhealthy concern.

Sandanger, T.; Brustad, M.; Hovander, C.; Lund, E.

Persistent organic pollutants in four bivalve species from Kongsfjorden and Liefdefjorden, Svalbard. NILU F

Vieweg, I.; Hop, H.; Gabrielsen, G.W.; Brey, T, Huber, S.

Persistent organic pollutants in human plasma of males from two communities in northern Norway.

Huber, S.; Sandanger, T.M.; Brox, J.; Figenschau, Y.

Persistent organic pollutants in human plasma related to measured intake of cod liver and cod liver oil.

Sandanger, T.; Brustad, M.; Lund, E.; Burkow, I.C.; Odland, J.Ø.