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Energetic electrons from the magnetosphere deposit their energy in the atmosphere and lead to production of nitric oxide (NO) in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. We study the atmospheric NO response to a geomagnetic storm in April 2010 with WACCM (Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model). Modeled NO is compared to observations by Solar Occultation For Ice Experiment/Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere at 72–82°S latitudes. We investigate the modeled NOs sensitivity to changes in energy and chemistry. The electron energy model input is either a parameterization of auroral electrons or a full range energy spectrum (1–750 keV) from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites and European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites/Meteorological Operational satellites. To study the importance of ion chemistry for the production of NO, WACCM‐D, which has more complex ion chemistry, is used. Both standard WACCM and WACCM‐D underestimate the storm time NO increase in the main production region (90–110 km), using both electron energy inputs. At and below 80 km, including medium‐energy electrons (>30 keV) is important both for NO directly produced at this altitude region and for NO transported from other regions (indirect effect). By using WACCM‐D the direct NO production is improved, while the indirect effects on NO suffer from the downward propagating deficiency above. In conclusion, both a full range energy spectrum and ion chemistry is needed throughout the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region to increase the direct and indirect contribution from electrons on NO.
2018
2018
2015
2006
2009
2009
Ninth EIONET workshop on air quality management and assessment, Oslo, 22-23 November 2004. Proceedings. ETC/ACC Technical paper, 2005/1
2005
2007
2004
2003
NILUs feltstasjoner for korrosjon. Miljø- og korrosjonsmålinger 1996-1998. Datarapport. NILU OR
Denne rapporten viser klima og korrosjon på NILUs feltstasjoner i årene 1996-1998. Rapporten har kun med de påviste verdiene for korrosjon og klima i tabellform og er beregnet vesentlig på NILUs oppdragsgivere.
2000
2005
2005
NILU’s Environmental Management Report 2018
One of NILU’s main goals is to study the impact of pollution and supply decision-makers with a sound scientific platform for choosing measures to reduce the negative impacts. Furthermore, it is very important for the institute to have control of the impact the institute’s own activities may have on the environment and to reduce negative impacts as far as possible.
NILU has for many years been working to improve the status of the environment and to reduce negative impacts. In order to
take this one step further, it was decided that the institute should restructure the work according to a relevant environmental standard and to seek certification according to the same standard.
The chosen standard is ISO 14001 (Environmental management systems—Requirements with guidance for use) and NILU
achieved certification according to this standard in October 2010. This report summarizes the results of the system in 2018.
NILU
2019
NILU’s Environmental Management Report 2017
One of NILU’s main goals is to study the impact of pollution and supply decision-makers with a sound scientific platform for choosing measures to reduce the negative impacts. Furthermore, it is very important for the institute to have control of the impact the institute’s own activities may have on the environment and to reduce negative impacts as far as possible.
NILU has for many years been working to improve the status of the environment and to reduce negative impacts. In order to take this one step further, it was decided that the institute should restructure the work according to a relevant environmental standard and to seek certification according to the same standard.
The chosen standard is ISO 14001:2004 (Environmental management systems—Requirements with guidance for use) and NILU achieved certification according to this standard in October 2010. This report summarizes the results of the system in 2017.
NILU
2018
NILU's Strategic Institute Initiatives (SIS) 2016. NILU report
Each of NILU's Strategic Institute Initiatives (SIS) is required to deliver a popular science report annually to the Research Council. This report contains NILU's final reports for the SIS-projects that ended in 2016, and annual SIS-reports for 2016 for the other SIS-projects.
2017