Fant 10344 publikasjoner. Viser side 52 av 414:
2023
Skogens helsetilstand i Norge. Resultater fra skogskadeovervåkingen i 2022
Skogens helsetilstand påvirkes i stor grad av klima og værforhold, enten direkte ved tørke, frost og vind, eller indirekte ved at klimaet påvirker omfanget av soppsykdommer og insektangrep. Klimaendringene og den forventede økningen i klimarelaterte skogskader gir store utfordringer for forvaltningen av framtidas skogressurser. Det samme gjør invaderende skadegjørere, både allerede etablerte arter og nye som kan komme til Norge i nær framtid. I denne rapporten presenteres resultater fra skogskadeovervåkingen i Norge i 2022 og trender over tid for følgende temaer:
(i) Landsrepresentativ skogovervåking;
(ii) Intensiv skogovervåking;
(iii) Overvåking av bjørkemålere i Troms og Finnmark;
(iv) Barkbilleovervåkingen;
(v) Furuvednematode;
(vi) Askeskuddsyke;
(vii) Andre spesielle skogskader i 2022.
NIBIO
2023
Deposition of sulfur and nitrogen in Norway 2017-2021
Norwegian Meteorological Institute
2023
2023
2023
Field evaluation of three Vaisala sensor system units (AQT530). Gaseous compounds - O3, NO2, NO.
NILU
2023
2023
2023
Satellite remote sensing of Arctic fires - a literature and data review
The main aim of this report is to prepare for the proposed SGA #17 of the Caroline Herschel Framework Partnership Agreement on Copernicus User Uptake Work Programme 2020 named “Arctic peat- and forest-fire information system”. First, we summarize the scientific background of wildfires in the Arctic and the Northern boreal zone and describe observations of long-range transport of forest fire pollution. This is followed by an overview of satellite data and resources available for fire monitoring in these regions. This covers the fire ECVs, as well as smoke plume tracers. Furthermore, we list CAMS and CEMS resources, i.e., GWIS, EFFIS (including the latest country report for Norway), and GFAS, as well as other fire emission inventories. Knowledge gaps and limitations of satellite remote sen.sing, future missions, Norwegian user uptake and user groups are described.
NILU
2023
2023
Aerosol Optical Properties and Type Retrieval via Machine Learning and an All-Sky Imager
This study investigates the applicability of using the sky information from an all-sky imager (ASI) to retrieve aerosol optical properties and type. Sky information from the ASI, in terms of Red-Green-Blue (RGB) channels and sun saturation area, are imported into a supervised machine learning algorithm for estimating five different aerosol optical properties related to aerosol burden (aerosol optical depth, AOD at 440, 500 and 675 nm) and size (Ångström Exponent at 440–675 nm, and Fine Mode Fraction at 500 nm). The retrieved aerosol optical properties are compared against reference measurements from the AERONET station, showing adequate agreement (R: 0.89–0.95). The AOD errors increased for higher AOD values, whereas for AE and FMF, the biases increased for coarse particles. Regarding aerosol type classification, the retrieved properties can capture 77.5% of the total aerosol type cases, with excellent results for dust identification (>95% of the cases). The results of this work promote ASI as a valuable tool for aerosol optical properties and type retrieval.
2023
2023
Monitoring of microplastics in the Norwegian environment (MIKRONOR)
In 2021 The Norwegian Environment Agency (Miljødirektoratet) assigned the first analyses of microplastics within a national monitoring program “Microplastics in Norwegian coastal areas, rivers, lakes and air (MIKRONOR)” to NIVA. The aim of the program was to build knowledge about the background levels of microplastics in Norwegian environment, as well as identify potential sources and sinks. This is the second annual report, which presents the results from samples of 1) marine and lake/river sediments, biota and water, 2) air and deposition at two sites, including one at Svalbard, and 3) potential sources: urban runoff and effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) in two cities (Oslo and Hamar). The samples were analysed for microplastics, including tyre wear particles (TWP) from cars. The concentrations of plastic particles (mass of polymers per volume/weight unit) were calculated, using a novel formula for estimating volume of particles from the numerical analysis by spectroscopic (FTIR) analysis. The air samples were analysed for mass concentrations by mass spectrometric analysis. The main findings were the large number and concentrations of particles found in the inner Oslofjord. This included large numbers of microplastic particles resulting in high mass concentrations (μg/g dw) of plastic polymers. Particularly high mass concentrations of TWP were found in the sediments of the inner Oslofjord. TWP were also found at considerably high concentrations in blue mussels from the same area (Akershuskaia). Additionally, the urban runoff samples from both Oslo and Hamar showed high concentrations of TWP. High concentrations of TWP were also found in freshwater sediments near Hamar.
Norsk institutt for vannforskning (NIVA)
2023
2023